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Register a new userThe effect of gaseous accretion disk on dynamics of the stellar cluster in AGN
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Bekdaulet Shukirgaliyev
Publication date
2016
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Authors
Bekdaulet Shukirgaliyev
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There is a supermassive black hole, a gaseous accretion disk and compact star cluster in the center of active galactic nuclei, as known today. So the activity of AGN can be represented as the result of interaction of these three subsystems. In this work we investigate the dynamical interaction of a central star cluster surrounding a supermassive black hole and a central accretion disk. The dissipative force acting on stars in the disk leads to an asymmetry in the phase space distribution of the central star cluster due to the rotating accretion disk. In our work we present some results of Stardisk model, where we see some changes in density and phase space of central star cluster due to influence of rotating gaseous accretion disk.
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We present Integral Field Spectroscopic (IFS) observations of the nearby ($zsim0.03$) dual Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) Mrk 739, whose projected nuclear separation is $sim$3.4~kpc, obtained with the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). We find that the galaxy has an extended AGN-ionized emission-line region extending up to $sim 20$ kpc away from the nuclei, while star-forming regions are more centrally concentrated within 2 - 3 kpc. We model the kinematics of the ionized gas surrounding the East nucleus using a circular disk profile, resulting in a peak velocity of $237^{+26}_{-28}$ km s$^{-1}$ at a distance of $sim 1.2$ kpc. The enclosed dynamical mass within 1.2 kpc is $log M(M_{odot})=10.20pm0.06$, $sim$1,000 times larger than the estimated supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass of Mrk 739E. The morphology and dynamics of the system are consistent with an early stage of the collision, where the foreground galaxy (Mrk 739W) is a young star-forming galaxy in an ongoing first passage with its background companion (Mrk 739E). Since the SMBH in Mrk 739W does not show evidence of being rapidly accreting, we claim that the northern spiral arms of Mrk 739W are ionized by the nuclear activity of Mrk 739E.
We present the study of a set of N-body+SPH simulations of a Milky Way-like system produced by the radiative cooling of hot gas embedded in a dark matter halo. The galaxy and its gaseous halo evolve for 10 Gyr in isolation, which allows us to study how internal processes affect the evolution of the system. We show how the morphology, the kinematics and the evolution of the galaxy are affected by the input supernova feedback energy E$_{rm SN}$, and we compare its properties with those of the Milky Way. Different values of E$_{rm SN}$ do not significantly affect the star formation history of the system, but the disc of cold gas gets thicker and more turbulent as feedback increases. Our main result is that, for the highest value of E$_{rm SN}$ considered, the galaxy shows a prominent layer of extra-planar cold (log(T)<4.3) gas extended up to a few kpc above the disc at column densities of $10^{19}$ cm$^{-2}$. The kinematics of this material is in agreement with that inferred for the HI halos of our Galaxy and NGC 891, although its mass is lower. Also, the location, the kinematics and the typical column densities of the hot (5.3<log(T)<5.7) gas are in good agreement with those determined from the O$_{rm VI}$ absorption systems in the halo of the Milky Way and external galaxies. In contrast with the observations, however, gas at log(T)<5.3 is lacking in the circumgalactic region of our systems.
We present radially-resolved-equilibrium-models for the growth of stellar and gaseous disks in cosmologically accreting massive halos. Our focus is on objects that evolve to redshifts $zsim 2$. We solve the time-dependent equations that govern the radially dependent star-formation rates, inflows and outflows from and to the inter- and circum-galactic medium, and inward radial gas flows within the disks. The stellar and gaseous disks reach equilibrium configurations on dynamical time scales much shorter than variations in the cosmological dark matter halo growth and baryonic accretions rates. We show analytically that mass and global angular momentum conservation naturally give rise to exponential gas and stellar disks over many radial length scales. As expected, the gaseous disks are more extended as set by the condition Toomre $Q<1$ for star-formation. The disks rapidly become baryon dominated. For massive, $5times 10^{12}M_odot$ halos at redshift $z=2$, we reproduced the typical observed star-formation rates of $sim 100 , M_odot , {rm yr}^{-1}$, stellar masses $sim 9times 10^{10}, M_odot$, gas contents $sim 10^{11}, M_odot$, half mass sizes of 4.5 and 5.8 kpc for the stars and gas, and characteristic surface densities of $500$ and $ 400, M_odot , {rm pc}^{-2}$ for the stars and gas.
The Galactic center hosts several hundred early-type stars, about 20% of which lie in the so-called clockwise disk, while the remaining 80% do not belong to any disks. The circumnuclear ring (CNR), a ring of molecular gas that orbits the supermassive black hole (SMBH) with a radius of 1.5 pc, has been claimed to induce precession and Kozai-Lidov oscillations onto the orbits of stars in the innermost parsec. We investigate the perturbations exerted by a gas ring on a nearly-Keplerian stellar disk orbiting a SMBH by means of combined direct N-body and smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations. We simulate the formation of gas rings through the infall and disruption of a molecular gas cloud, adopting different inclinations between the infalling gas cloud and the stellar disk. We find that a CNR-like ring is not efficient in affecting the stellar disk on a timescale of 3 Myr. In contrast, a gas ring in the innermost 0.5 pc induces precession of the longitude of the ascending node Omega, significantly affecting the stellar disk inclination. Furthermore, the combined effect of two-body relaxation and Omega-precession drives the stellar disk dismembering, displacing the stars from the disk. The impact of precession on the star orbits is stronger when the stellar disk and the inner gas ring are nearly coplanar. We speculate that the warm gas in the inner cavity might have played a major role in the evolution of the clockwise disk.
We use a semi-empirical model to reproduce the 0.1-10um spectral energy distribution (SED) of a sample of 85 luminous quasars. In the model, the continuum emission from the accretion disk as well as the nebular lines are represented by a single empirical template (disk), where differences in the optical spectral index are reproduced by varying the amount of extinction. The near- and mid-infrared emission of the AGN-heated dust is modelled as the combination of two black-bodies (dust). The model fitting shows that the disk and dust components are remarkably uniform among individual quasars, with differences in the observed SED largely accounted for by varying levels of obscuration in the disk as well as differences in the relative luminosity of the disk and dust components. By combining the disk-subtracted SEDs of the 85 quasars, we generate a template for the 1-10um emission of the AGN-heated dust. Additionally, we use a sample of local Seyfert 1 galaxies with full spectroscopic coverage in the 0.37um to 39um range to demonstrate a method for stitching together spectral segments obtained with different PSF and extraction apertures. We show that the disk and dust templates obtained from luminous quasars also reproduce the optical-to-mid-infrared spectra of local Seyfert 1s when the contribution from the host galaxy is properly subtracted.
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