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An Exact Solution of the Fokker-Planck Equation for Isotropic Scattering

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 Added by Mikhail Malkov
 Publication date 2016
  fields Physics
and research's language is English
 Authors M.A. Malkov




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An analytic solution for a Fokker-Planck equation that describes propagation of energetic particles through a scattering medium is obtained. The solution is found in terms of an infinite series of mixed moments of particle distribution. The spatial dispersion of a particle cloud released at t=0 evolves through three phases, ballistic (t<Tc), transdiffusive (t~Tc) and diffusive (t>>Tc), where Tc is the collision time.The ballistic phase is characterized by a decelerating expansion of the initial point source in form of a box distribution with thickening walls. The next, transdiffusive phase is marked by the box walls thickened to its size and a noticeable slow down of expansion. Finally, the evolution enters the conventional diffusion phase.



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We investigate the diffusion of particles in an attractive one-dimensional potential that grows logarithmically for large $|x|$ using the Fokker-Planck equation. An eigenfunction expansion shows that the Boltzmann equilibrium density does not fully describe the long time limit of this problem. Instead this limit is characterized by an infinite covariant density. This non-normalizable density yields the mean square displacement of the particles, which for a certain range of parameters exhibits anomalous diffusion. In a symmetric potential with an asymmetric initial condition, the average position decays anomalously slowly. This problem also has applications outside the thermal context, as in the diffusion of the momenta of atoms in optical molasses.
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