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Register a new userMeasurement of the charged pion mass using a low-density target of light atoms
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Added by
Martino Trassinelli
Publication date
2016
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Authors
M Trassinelli
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We present a new evaluation of the negatively charged pion mass based on the simultaneous spec-troscopy of pionic nitrogen and muonic oxygen transitions using a gaseous target composed by a N 2 /O 2 mixture at 1.4 bar. We present the experimental setup and the methods for deriving the pion mass value from the spatial separation from the 5g -- 4 f $pi$N transition line and the 5g -- 4 f $mu$O transition line used as reference. Moreover, we discuss the importance to use dilute targets in order to minimize the influence of additional spectral lines from the presence of remaining electrons during the radiative emission. The occurrence of possible satellite lines is investigated via hypothesis testing methods using the Bayes factor.
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The $5g-4f$ transitions in pionic nitrogen and muonic oxygen were measured simultaneously by using a gaseous nitrogen-oxygen mixture at 1.4,bar. Due to the precise knowledge of the muon mass the muonic line provides the energy calibration for the pionic transition. A value of (139.57077,$pm$,0.00018),MeV/c$^{2}$ ($pm$,1.3ppm) is derived for the mass of the negatively charged pion, which is 4.2ppm larger than the present world average.
The fixed-target MIPP experiment, Fermilab E907, was designed to measure the production of hadrons from the collisions of hadrons of momenta ranging from 5 to 120 GeV/c on a variety of nuclei. These data will generally improve the simulation of particle detectors and predictions of particle beam fluxes at accelerators. The spectrometer momentum resolution is between 3 and 4%, and particle identification is performed for particles ranging between 0.3 and 80 GeV/c using $dE/dx$, time-of-flight and Cherenkov radiation measurements. MIPP collected $1.42 times10^6$ events of 120 GeV Main Injector protons striking a target used in the NuMI facility at Fermilab. The data have been analyzed and we present here charged pion yields per proton-on-target determined in bins of longitudinal and transverse momentum between 0.5 and 80 GeV/c, with combined statistical and systematic relative uncertainties between 5 and 10%.
The COMPASS collaboration at CERN has investigated pion Compton scattering, $pi^-gammarightarrow pi^-gamma$, at centre-of-mass energy below 3.5 pion masses. The process is embedded in the reaction $pi^-mathrm{Ni}rightarrowpi^-gamma;mathrm{Ni}$, which is initiated by 190,GeV pions impinging on a nickel target. The exchange of quasi-real photons is selected by isolating the sharp Coulomb peak observed at smallest momentum transfers, $Q^2<0.0015$,(GeV/$c$)$^2$. From a sample of 63,000 events the pion electric polarisability is determined to be $alpha_pi = (,2.0 pm 0.6_{mbox{scriptsize stat}} pm 0.7_{mbox{scriptsize syst}},) times 10^{-4},mbox{fm}^3$ under the assumption $alpha_pi=-beta_pi$, which relates the electric and magnetic dipole polarisabilities. It is the most precise measurement of this fundamental low-energy parameter of strong interaction, that has been addressed since long by various methods with conflicting outcomes. While this result is in tension with previous dedicated measurements, it is found in agreement with the expectation from chiral perturbation theory. An additional measurement replacing pions by muons, for which the cross-section behavior is unambigiously known, was performed for an independent estimate of the systematic uncertainty.
The electric (${alpha}_{pi}$) and the magnetic (${beta}_{pi}$) polarisabilities are fundamental properties of the pion characterising the rigidity of its internal structure. They have been precisely measured at the COMPASS experiment at CERN with a ${pi}^{-}$ beam of 190~GeV/c assuming ${alpha}_{pi}+{beta}_{pi}=0$. Muons of the same momentum were used for controlling of systematic effects. The obtained result ${alpha}_{pi}=-{beta}_{pi}=(2.0pm 0.6_{stat.}pm 0.7_{syst.})times 10^{-4} fm^3$ is in agreement with the prediction of the Chiral Perturbation Theory.
The two most recent and precise measurements of the charged kaon mass use X-rays from kaonic atoms and report uncertainties of 14 ppm and 22 ppm yet differ from each other by 122 ppm. We describe the possibility of an independent mass measurement using the measurement of Cherenkov light from a narrow-band beam of kaons, pions, and protons. This technique was demonstrated using data taken opportunistically by the Main Injector Particle Production experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory which recorded beams of protons, kaons, and pions ranging in momentum from +37 GeV/c to +63 GeV/c. The measured value is 491.3 +/- 1.7 MeV/c^2, which is within 1.4 sigma of the world average. An improvement of two orders of magnitude in precision would make this technique useful for resolving the ambiguity in the X-ray data and may be achievable in a dedicated experiment.
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