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Register a new userCharged Kaon Mass Measurement using the Cherenkov Effect
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The two most recent and precise measurements of the charged kaon mass use X-rays from kaonic atoms and report uncertainties of 14 ppm and 22 ppm yet differ from each other by 122 ppm. We describe the possibility of an independent mass measurement using the measurement of Cherenkov light from a narrow-band beam of kaons, pions, and protons. This technique was demonstrated using data taken opportunistically by the Main Injector Particle Production experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory which recorded beams of protons, kaons, and pions ranging in momentum from +37 GeV/c to +63 GeV/c. The measured value is 491.3 +/- 1.7 MeV/c^2, which is within 1.4 sigma of the world average. An improvement of two orders of magnitude in precision would make this technique useful for resolving the ambiguity in the X-ray data and may be achievable in a dedicated experiment.
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We present the result of an experiment to measure the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutron at the Paul Scherrer Institute using Ramseys method of separated oscillating magnetic fields with ultracold neutrons (UCN). Our measurement stands in the long history of EDM experiments probing physics violating time reversal invariance. The salient features of this experiment were the use of a Hg-199 co-magnetometer and an array of optically pumped cesium vapor magnetometers to cancel and correct for magnetic field changes. The statistical analysis was performed on blinded datasets by two separate groups while the estimation of systematic effects profited from an unprecedented knowledge of the magnetic field. The measured value of the neutron EDM is $d_{rm n} = (0.0pm1.1_{rm stat}pm0.2_{rm sys})times10^{-26}e,{rm cm}$.
The COMPASS collaboration at CERN has investigated pion Compton scattering, $pi^-gammarightarrow pi^-gamma$, at centre-of-mass energy below 3.5 pion masses. The process is embedded in the reaction $pi^-mathrm{Ni}rightarrowpi^-gamma;mathrm{Ni}$, which is initiated by 190,GeV pions impinging on a nickel target. The exchange of quasi-real photons is selected by isolating the sharp Coulomb peak observed at smallest momentum transfers, $Q^2<0.0015$,(GeV/$c$)$^2$. From a sample of 63,000 events the pion electric polarisability is determined to be $alpha_pi = (,2.0 pm 0.6_{mbox{scriptsize stat}} pm 0.7_{mbox{scriptsize syst}},) times 10^{-4},mbox{fm}^3$ under the assumption $alpha_pi=-beta_pi$, which relates the electric and magnetic dipole polarisabilities. It is the most precise measurement of this fundamental low-energy parameter of strong interaction, that has been addressed since long by various methods with conflicting outcomes. While this result is in tension with previous dedicated measurements, it is found in agreement with the expectation from chiral perturbation theory. An additional measurement replacing pions by muons, for which the cross-section behavior is unambigiously known, was performed for an independent estimate of the systematic uncertainty.
This paper is devoted to the measurement of the fully inclusive absolute branching ratios of the charged kaon semileptonic decays, $K^{pm}topi^0e^pm u(gamma)$ and $K^pm to pi^0mu^pm u(gamma)$. The measurements have been done using a tag technique, employing the two-body decays, $K^pm to mu^pm u$ and $K^pm to pi^pmpi^0$, and using a sample of about 410 pb$^{-1}$ collected during the 2001 and 2002 data taking of the KLOE experiment at Daphne, the Frascati $phi$-factory. The results obtained are BR(K$^pm_{e3}$) = $0.04965 (38)_{Stat} (37)_{Syst}$ and BR(K$^pm_{mu3}$) = $0.03233 (29)_{Stat} (26)_{Syst}$.
We report results from the MuLan measurement of the positive muon lifetime. The experiment was conducted at the Paul Scherrer Institute using a time-structured surface muon beam and a segmented plastic scintillator array. Two different in-vacuum muon stopping targets were used: a ferromagnetic foil with a large internal magnetic field and a quartz crystal in a moderate external magnetic field. From a total of 1.6 x 10^{12} decays, we obtained the muon lifetime tau_mu = 2196980.3(2.2) ps (1.0 ppm) and Fermi constant G_F = 1.1663787(6) x 10^{-5} GeV^{-2} (0.5 ppm).
This Letter reports a measurement of the flux and energy spectrum of electron antineutrinos from six 2.9~GW$_{th}$ nuclear reactors with six detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512~m and 561~m) and one far (1,579~m) underground experimental halls in the Daya Bay experiment. Using 217 days of data, 296,721 and 41,589 inverse beta decay (IBD) candidates were detected in the near and far halls, respectively. The measured IBD yield is (1.55 $pm$ 0.04) $times$ 10$^{-18}$~cm$^2$/GW/day or (5.92 $pm$ 0.14) $times$ 10$^{-43}$~cm$^2$/fission. This flux measurement is consistent with previous short-baseline reactor antineutrino experiments and is $0.946pm0.022$ ($0.991pm0.023$) relative to the flux predicted with the Huber+Mueller (ILL+Vogel) fissile antineutrino model. The measured IBD positron energy spectrum deviates from both spectral predictions by more than 2$sigma$ over the full energy range with a local significance of up to $sim$4$sigma$ between 4-6 MeV. A reactor antineutrino spectrum of IBD reactions is extracted from the measured positron energy spectrum for model-independent predictions.
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