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Register a new userDark Matter and Leptogenesis Linked by Classical Scale Invariance
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In this work we study a classically scale invariant extension of the Standard Model that can explain simultaneously dark matter and the baryon asymmetry in the universe. In our set-up we introduce a dark sector, namely a non-Abelian SU(2) hidden sector coupled to the SM via the Higgs portal, and a singlet sector responsible for generating Majorana masses for three right-handed sterile neutrinos. The gauge bosons of the dark sector are mass-degenerate and stable, and this makes them suitable as dark matter candidates. Our model also accounts for the matter-anti-matter asymmetry. The lepton flavour asymmetry is produced during CP-violating oscillations of the GeV-scale right-handed neutrinos, and converted to the baryon asymmetry by the electroweak sphalerons. All the characteristic scales in the model: the electro-weak, dark matter and the leptogenesis/neutrino mass scales, are generated radiatively, have a common origin and related to each other via scalar field couplings in perturbation theory.
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We consider a classically scale-invariant extension of the standard model in which a dark, non-Abelian gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken via the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. Higgs portal couplings between the dark and standard model sectors provide an origin for the Higgs mass squared parameter and, hence, the electroweak scale. We find that choices for model parameters exist in which the dark gauge multiplet is viable as dark matter.
Effective field theory (EFT) formulations of dark matter interactions have proven to be a convenient and popular way to quantify LHC bounds on dark matter. However, some of the non-renormalizable EFT operators considered do not respect the gauge symmetries of the Standard Model. We carefully discuss under what circumstances such operators can arise, and outline potential issues in their interpretation and application.
We propose a model of asymmetric dark matter (DM) where the dark sector is an identical copy of both forces and matter of the standard model (SM) as in the mirror universe models discussed in literature. In addition to being connected by gravity, the SM and DM sectors are also connected at high temperature by a common set of heavy right-handed Majorana neutrinos via their Yukawa couplings to leptons and Higgs bosons. The lightest nucleon in the dark (mirror) sector is a candidate for dark matter. The out of equilibrium decay of right-handed neutrino produces equal lepton asymmetry in both sectors via resonant leptogenesis which then get converted to baryonic and dark baryonic matter. The dark baryon asymmetry due to higher dark nucleon masses leads to higher dark matter density compared to the familiar baryon density that is observed. The standard model neutrinos in this case acquire masses from the inverse seesaw mechanism. A kinetic mixing between the U(1) gauge fields of the two sectors is introduced to guarantee the success of Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis.
We discuss the possibility to find an upper bound on the seesaw scale using the cosmological bound on the cold dark matter relic density. We investigate a simple relation between the origin of neutrino masses and the properties of a dark matter candidate in a simple theory where the new symmetry breaking scale defines the seesaw scale. Imposing the cosmological bounds, we find an upper bound of order multi-TeV on the lepton number violation scale. We investigate the predictions for direct and indirect detection dark matter experiments, and the possible signatures at the Large Hadron Collider.
In a novel standard model extension it has been suggested that, even in the absence of right-handed neutrinos and type-I seesaw, purely triplet leptogenesis leading to baryon asymmetry of the universe can be realised by two heavy Higgs triplets which also provide type-II seesaw ansatz for neutrino masses. In this work we discuss this model for hierarchical neutrino masses in concordance with recently determined cosmologocal bounds and oscillation data including $theta_{23}$ in the second octant and large Dirac CP phases. We also address the issues on dark matter and vacuum stability of the scalar potential in a minimal extension of this model. We find that for both normal and inverted orderings the model fits the oscillation data with the sum of the three neutrino masses consistent with cosmological bounds determined from Planck satellite data. In addition using this model ansatz for CP-asymmetry and solutions of Boltzmann equations, we also show how successful prediction of baryon asymmetry emerges in the cases of both unflavoured and two-flavoured leptogeneses. With additional $Z_2$ discrete symmetry, a minimal extension of this model is shown to be capable of predicting a scalar singlet WIMP dark matter in agreement with direct and indirect observations. Whereas in the original model, the renormalization group running of the scalar potential renders it negatve leading to vacuum instability, the presence of the dark matter in the minimally extended model ensures stability. Although the combined constraints due to relic density and direct detection cross section allow this scalar singlet dark matter mass to be $m_{xi}=750$ GeV, the additional vacuum stability constraint pushes this limiting value to $m_{xi}=1.3$ TeV which is verifiable by ongoing experiments. We also dicuss constraint on the model parameters for the radiative stability of the standard Higgs mass.
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