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Register a new userExtreme value analysis for the sample autocovariance matrices of heavy-tailed multivariate time series
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We provide some asymptotic theory for the largest eigenvalues of a sample covariance matrix of a p-dimensional time series where the dimension p = p_n converges to infinity when the sample size n increases. We give a short overview of the literature on the topic both in the light- and heavy-tailed cases when the data have finite (infinite) fourth moment, respectively. Our main focus is on the heavytailed case. In this case, one has a theory for the point process of the normalized eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix in the iid case but also when rows and columns of the data are linearly dependent. We provide limit results for the weak convergence of these point processes to Poisson or cluster Poisson processes. Based on this convergence we can also derive the limit laws of various function als of the ordered eigenvalues such as the joint convergence of a finite number of the largest order statistics, the joint limit law of the largest eigenvalue and the trace, limit laws for successive ratios of ordered eigenvalues, etc. We also develop some limit theory for the singular values of the sample autocovariance matrices and their sums of squares. The theory is illustrated for simulated data and for the components of the S&P 500 stock index.
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Blind source separation (BSS) is a signal processing tool, which is widely used in various fields. Examples include biomedical signal separation, brain imaging and economic time series applications. In BSS, one assumes that the observed $p$ time series are linear combinations of $p$ latent uncorrelated weakly stationary time series. The aim is then to find an estimate for an unmixing matrix, which transforms the observed time series back to uncorrelated latent time series. In SOBI (Second Order Blind Identification) joint diagonalization of the covariance matrix and autocovariance matrices with several lags is used to estimate the unmixing matrix. The rows of an unmixing matrix can be derived either one by one (deflation-based approach) or simultaneously (symmetric approach). The latter of these approaches is well-known especially in signal processing literature, however, the rigorous analysis of its statistical properties has been missing so far. In this paper, we fill this gap and investigate the statistical properties of the symmetric SOBI estimate in detail and find its limiting distribution under general conditions. The asymptotical efficiencies of symmetric SOBI estimate are compared to those of recently introduced deflation-based SOBI estimate under general multivariate MA$(infty)$ processes. The theory is illustrated by some finite-sample simulation studies as well as a real EEG data example.
Consider a standard white Wishart matrix with parameters $n$ and $p$. Motivated by applications in high-dimensional statistics and signal processing, we perform asymptotic analysis on the maxima and minima of the eigenvalues of all the $m times m$ principal minors, under the asymptotic regime that $n,p,m$ go to infinity. Asymptotic results concerning extreme eigenvalues of principal minors of real Wigner matrices are also obtained. In addition, we discuss an application of the theoretical results to the construction of compressed sensing matrices, which provides insights to compressed sensing in signal processing and high dimensional linear regression in statistics.
Consider a $p$-dimensional population ${mathbf x} inmathbb{R}^p$ with iid coordinates in the domain of attraction of a stable distribution with index $alphain (0,2)$. Since the variance of ${mathbf x}$ is infinite, the sample covariance matrix ${mathbf S}_n=n^{-1}sum_{i=1}^n {{mathbf x}_i}{mathbf x}_i$ based on a sample ${mathbf x}_1,ldots,{mathbf x}_n$ from the population is not well behaved and it is of interest to use instead the sample correlation matrix ${mathbf R}_n= {operatorname{diag}({mathbf S}_n)}^{-1/2}, {mathbf S}_n {operatorname{diag}({mathbf S}_n)}^{-1/2}$. This paper finds the limiting distributions of the eigenvalues of ${mathbf R}_n$ when both the dimension $p$ and the sample size $n$ grow to infinity such that $p/nto gamma in (0,infty)$. The family of limiting distributions ${H_{alpha,gamma}}$ is new and depends on the two parameters $alpha$ and $gamma$. The moments of $H_{alpha,gamma}$ are fully identified as sum of two contributions: the first from the classical Marv{c}enko-Pastur law and a second due to heavy tails. Moreover, the family ${H_{alpha,gamma}}$ has continuous extensions at the boundaries $alpha=2$ and $alpha=0$ leading to the Marv{c}enko-Pastur law and a modified Poisson distribution, respectively. Our proofs use the method of moments, the path-shortening algorithm developed in [18] and some novel graph counting combinatorics. As a consequence, the moments of $H_{alpha,gamma}$ are expressed in terms of combinatorial objects such as Stirling numbers of the second kind. A simulation study on these limiting distributions $H_{alpha,gamma}$ is also provided for comparison with the Marv{c}enko-Pastur law.
Cluster indices describe extremal behaviour of stationary time series. We consider runs estimators of cluster indices. Using a modern theory of multivariate, regularly varying time series, we obtain central limit theorems under conditions that can be easily verified for a large class of models. In particular, we show that blocks and runs estimators have the same limiting variance.
We derive adjusted signed likelihood ratio statistics for a general class of extreme value regression models. The adjustments reduce the error in the standard normal approximation to the distribution of the signed likelihood ratio statistic. We use Monte Carlo simulations to compare the finite-sample performance of the different tests. Our simulations suggest that the signed likelihood ratio test tends to be liberal when the sample size is not large, and that the adjustments are effective in shrinking the size distortion. Two real data applications are presented and discussed.
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