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Register a new userImproved Frechet$-$Hoeffding bounds on $d$-copulas and applications in model-free finance
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Added by
Antonis Papapantoleon
Publication date
2016
fields
Financial
and research's language is
English
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We derive upper and lower bounds on the expectation of $f(mathbf{S})$ under dependence uncertainty, i.e. when the marginal distributions of the random vector $mathbf{S}=(S_1,dots,S_d)$ are known but their dependence structure is partially unknown. We solve the problem by providing improved FH bounds on the copula of $mathbf{S}$ that account for additional information. In particular, we derive bounds when the values of the copula are given on a compact subset of $[0,1]^d$, the value of a functional of the copula is prescribed or different types of information are available on the lower dimensional marginals of the copula. We then show that, in contrast to the two-dimensional case, the bounds are quasi-copulas but fail to be copulas if $d>2$. Thus, in order to translate the improved FH bounds into bounds on the expectation of $f(mathbf{S})$, we develop an alternative representation of multivariate integrals with respect to copulas that admits also quasi-copulas as integrators. By means of this representation, we provide an integral characterization of orthant orders on the set of quasi-copulas which relates the improved FH bounds to bounds on the expectation of $f(mathbf{S})$. Finally, we apply these results to compute model-free bounds on the prices of multi-asset options that take partial information on the dependence structure into account, such as correlations or market prices of other traded derivatives. The numerical results show that the additional information leads to a significant improvement of the option price bounds compared to the situation where only the marginal distributions are known.
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Since the pioneering work of Gerhard Gruss dating back to 1935, Grusss inequality and, more generally, Gruss-type bounds for covariances have fascinated researchers and found numerous applications in areas such as economics, insurance, reliability, and, more generally, decision making under uncertainly. Gruss-type bounds for covariances have been established mainly under most general dependence structures, meaning no restrictions on the dependence structure between the two underlying random variables. Recent work in the area has revealed a potential for improving Gruss-type bounds, including the original Grusss bound, assuming dependence structures such as quadrant dependence (QD). In this paper we demonstrate that the relatively little explored notion of `quadrant dependence in expectation (QDE) is ideally suited in the context of bounding covariances, especially those that appear in the aforementioned areas of application. We explore this research avenue in detail, establish general Gruss-type bounds, and illustrate them with newly constructed examples of bivariate distributions, which are not QD but, nevertheless, are QDE. The examples rely on specially devised copulas. We supplement the examples with results concerning general copulas and their convex combinations. In the process of deriving Gruss-type bounds, we also establish new bounds for central moments, whose optimality is demonstrated.
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