No Arabic abstract
We calculate the Drude weight in the superfluid (SF) and the supersolid (SS) phases of hard core boson (HCB) model using stochastic series expansion (SSE). We demonstrate from our numerical calculations that the normal phase of HCBs in two dimensions can be an ideal conductor with dissipationless transport. In two dimensions, when the ground state is a SF, the superfluid stiffness drops to zero with a Kosterlitz-Thouless type transition at $T_{KT}$. The Drude weight, though is equal to the stiffness below $T_{KT}$, surprisingly stays finite even for temperatures above $T_{KT}$ indicating the non-dissipative transport in the normal state of this system. In contrast to this in a three dimensional SF phase, where the superfluid stiffness goes to zero continuously with a second order phase transition at $T_c$, Drude weight also goes to zero at $T_c$ as expected. We also calculated the Drude weight in a 2D SS phase, where the charge density wave (CDW) order coexists with superfluidity. For the SS phase we studied, superfluidity is lost via Kosterlitz-Thouless transition at $T_{KT}$ and the transition temperature for the CDW order is larger than $T_{KT}$. In striped SS phase where the CDW order breaks the rotational symmetry of the lattice, for $T > T_{KT}$, the system behaves like an ideal conductor along one of the lattice direction while along the other direction it behaves like an insulator. In contrast to this, in star-SS phase, Drude weight along both the lattice directions goes to zero along with the superfluid stiffness and for $T > T_{KT}$ we have a finite temperature phase of a CDW insulator.
Integrable models such as the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain, the Lieb-Liniger or the one-dimensional Hubbard model are known to avoid thermalization, which was also demonstrated in several quantum-quench experiments. Another dramatic consequence of integrability is the zero-frequency anomaly in transport coefficients, which results in ballistic finite-temperature transport, despite the presence of strong interactions. While this aspect of nonergodic dynamics has been known for a long time, there has so far not been any unambiguous experimental realization thereof. We make a concrete proposal for the observation ballistic transport via local quantum quench experiments in fermionic quantum-gas microscopes. Such an experiment would also unveil the coexistence of ballistic and diffusive transport channels in one and the same system and provide a means of measuring finite-temperature Drude weights. The connection between local quenches and linear-response functions is established via time-dependent Einstein relations.
Long-range order in quantum many-body systems is usually associated with equilibrium situations. Here, we experimentally investigate the quasicondensation of strongly-interacting bosons at finite momenta in a far-from-equilibrium case. We prepare an inhomogeneous initial state consisting of one-dimensional Mott insulators in the center of otherwise empty one-dimensional chains in an optical lattice with a lattice constant $d$. After suddenly quenching the trapping potential to zero, we observe the onset of coherence in spontaneously forming quasicondensates in the lattice. Remarkably, the emerging phase order differs from the ground-state order and is characterized by peaks at finite momenta $pm (pi/2) (hbar / d)$ in the momentum distribution function.
We present a scheme of analytical calculations determining the critical temperature and the number of condensed atoms of ideal gas Bose-Einstein condensation in external potentials with 1D, 2D or 3D periodicity. In particular we show that the width of the lowest energy band appears as the main parameter determining the critical temperature of condensation. Is obtained a very simple, proportional to 1/3 degree, regularity for this dependence. The fundamental role of tunneling in physics of condensate establishment is underscored.
Motivated by the recent experiments on Bose-Einstein mixtures with tunable interactions we study repulsive weakly interacting Bose mixtures at finite temperature. We obtain phase diagrams using Hartree-Fock theory which are directly applicable to experimentally trapped systems. Almost all features of the diagrams can be characterized using simple physical insights. Our work reveals two surprising effects which are dissimilar to a system at zero temperature. First of all, no pure phases exist, that is, at each point in the trap, particles of both species are always present. Second, even for very weak interspecies repulsion when full mixing is expected, condensate particles of both species may be present in a trap without them being mixed.
We investigate the strongly interacting hard-core anyon gases in a one dimensional harmonic potential at finite temperature by extending thermal Bose-Fermi mapping method to thermal anyon-ferimon mapping method. With thermal anyon-fermion mapping method we obtain the reduced one-body density matrix and therefore the momentum distribution for different statistical parameters and temperatures. At low temperature hard-core anyon gases exhibit the similar properties as those of ground state, which interpolate between Bose-like and Fermi-like continuously with the evolution of statistical properties. At high temperature hard-core anyon gases of different statistical properties display the same reduced one-body density matrix and momentum distribution as those of spin-polarized fermions. The Tans contact of hard-core anyon gas at finite temperature is also evaluated, which take the simple relation with that of Tonks-Girardeau gas $C_b$ as $C=frac12(1-coschipi)C_b$.