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Register a new userGeneral divisor functions in arithmetic progressions to large moduli
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We prove a result on the distribution of the general divisor functions in arithmetic progressions to smooth moduli which exceed the square root of the length.
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Let $a$ and $b$ be positive integers. In 1946, ErdH{o}s and Niven proved that there are only finitely many positive integers $n$ for which one or more of the elementary symmetric functions of $1/b, 1/(a+b),..., 1/(an-a+b)$ are integers. In this paper, we show that for any integer $k$ with $1le kle n$, the $k$-th elementary symmetric function of $1/b, 1/(a+b),..., 1/(an-a+b)$ is not an integer except that either $b=n=k=1$ and $age 1$, or $a=b=1, n=3$ and $k=2$. This refines the ErdH{o}s-Niven theorem and answers an open problem raised by Chen and Tang in 2012.
Given an abelian group $G$, it is natural to ask whether there exists a permutation $pi$ of $G$ that destroys all nontrivial 3-term arithmetic progressions (APs), in the sense that $pi(b) - pi(a) eq pi(c) - pi(b)$ for every ordered triple $(a,b,c) in G^3$ satisfying $b-a = c-b eq 0$. This question was resolved for infinite groups $G$ by Hegarty, who showed that there exists an AP-destroying permutation of $G$ if and only if $G/Omega_2(G)$ has the same cardinality as $G$, where $Omega_2(G)$ denotes the subgroup of all elements in $G$ whose order divides $2$. In the case when $G$ is finite, however, only partial results have been obtained thus far. Hegarty has conjectured that an AP-destroying permutation of $G$ exists if $G = mathbb{Z}/nmathbb{Z}$ for all $n eq 2,3,5,7$, and together with Martinsson, he has proven the conjecture for all $n > 1.4 times 10^{14}$. In this paper, we show that if $p$ is a prime and $k$ is a positive integer, then there is an AP-destroying permutation of the elementary $p$-group $(mathbb{Z}/pmathbb{Z})^k$ if and only if $p$ is odd and $(p,k) otin {(3,1),(5,1), (7,1)}$.
We study a Dirichlet series in two variables which counts primitive three-term arithmetic progressions of squares. We show that this multiple Dirichlet series has meromorphic continuation to $mathbb{C}^2$ and use Tauberian methods to obtain counts for arithmetic progressions of squares and rational points on $x^2+y^2=2$.
We consider very general random integers and (attempt to) prove that many multiplicative and additive functions of such integers have limiting distributions. These integers include, for instance, the curvatures of Apollonian circle packings, trace of Frobenius elements for elliptic curves, the Ramanujan tau-function, Mersenne numbers, and many others.
In this paper, we investigate the anti-Ramsey (more precisely, anti-van der Waerden) properties of arithmetic progressions. For positive integers $n$ and $k$, the expression $aw([n],k)$ denotes the smallest number of colors with which the integers ${1,ldots,n}$ can be colored and still guarantee there is a rainbow arithmetic progression of length $k$. We establish that $aw([n],3)=Theta(log n)$ and $aw([n],k)=n^{1-o(1)}$ for $kgeq 4$. For positive integers $n$ and $k$, the expression $aw(Z_n,k)$ denotes the smallest number of colors with which elements of the cyclic group of order $n$ can be colored and still guarantee there is a rainbow arithmetic progression of length $k$. In this setting, arithmetic progressions can wrap around, and $aw(Z_n,3)$ behaves quite differently from $aw([n],3)$, depending on the divisibility of $n$. As shown in [Jungic et al., textit{Combin. Probab. Comput.}, 2003], $aw(Z_{2^m},3) = 3$ for any positive integer $m$. We establish that $aw(Z_n,3)$ can be computed from knowledge of $aw(Z_p,3)$ for all of the prime factors $p$ of $n$. However, for $kgeq 4$, the behavior is similar to the previous case, that is, $aw(Z_n,k)=n^{1-o(1)}$.
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