No Arabic abstract
Wick rotation is usually performed by rotating the time coordinate to imaginary values. In a general curved spacetime, the notion of a time coordinate is ambiguous. We note here, that within the tetrad formalism of general relativity, it is possible to perform a Wick rotation directly in the tangent space using considerably less structure: a timelike, future pointing vector field, which need not be Killing or hypersurface orthogonal. This method has the advantage of yielding real Euclidean metrics, even in spacetimes which are not static. When applied to a black hole exterior, the null generators of the event horizon reduce to points in the Euclidean spacetime. Requiring that the Wick rotated holonomy of the null generators be trivial ensures the absence of a `conical singularity in the Euclidean space. To illustrate the basic idea, we use the tangent space Wick rotation to compute the Hawking temperature by Euclidean methods in a few spacetimes including the Kerr black hole.
Completing the results obtained in a previous paper, we prove the symmetry of Hadamard/Seeley-deWitt off-diagonal coefficients in smooth $D$-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds. To this end, it is shown that, in any Lorentzian manifold, a sort of ``local Wick rotation of the metric can be performed provided the metric is a locally analytic function of the coordinates and the coordinates are ``physical. No time-like Killing field is necessary. Such a local Wick rotation analytically continues the Lorentzian metric in a neighborhood of any point, or, more generally, in a neighborhood of a space-like (Cauchy) hypersurface, into a Riemannian metric. The continuation locally preserves geodesically convex neighborhoods. In order to make rigorous the procedure, the concept of a complex pseudo-Riemannian (not Hermitian or Kahlerian) manifold is introduced and some features are analyzed. Using these tools, the symmetry of Hadamard/Seeley-deWitt off-diagonal coefficients is proven in Lorentzian analytical manifolds by analytical continuation of the (symmetric) Riemannian heat-kernel coefficients. This continuation is performed in geodesically convex neighborhoods in common with both the metrics. Then, the symmetry is generalized to $C^infty$ non analytic Lorentzian manifolds by approximating Lorentzian $C^{infty}$ metrics by analytic metrics in common geodesically convex neighborhoods. The symmetry requirement plays a central r^{o}le in the point-splitting renormalization procedure of the one-loop stress-energy tensor in curved spacetimes for Hadamard quantum states.
We investigate the tensor and the scalar perturbations in the symmetric bouncing universe driven by one ordinary field and its Lee-Wick partner field which is a ghost. We obtain the even- and the odd-mode functions of the tensor perturbation in the matter-dominated regime. The tensor perturbation grows in time during the contracting phase of the Universe, and decays during the expanding phase. The power spectrum for the tensor perturbation is evaluated and the spectral index is given by $n_{rm T} =6$. We add the analysis on the scalar perturbation by inspecting the even- and the odd-mode functions in the matter-dominated regime, which was studied numerically in our previous work. We conclude that the comoving curvature by the scalar perturbation is constant in the super-horizon scale and starts to decay in the far sub-horizon scale while the Universe expands.
We propose a new axiom system for unitary quantum field theories on curved space-time backgrounds, by postulating that the partition function and the correlators extend analytically to a certain domain of complex-valued metrics. Ordinary Riemannian metrics are contained in the allowable domain, while Lorentzian metrics lie on its boundary.
We examine quadratic surfaces in 3-space that are tangent to nine given figures. These figures can be points, lines, planes or quadrics. The numbers of tangent quadrics were determined by Hermann Schubert in 1879. We study the associated systems of polynomial equations, also in the space of complete quadrics, and we solve them using certified numerical methods. Our aim is to show that Schuberts problems are fully real.
In this paper we study the Kepler problem in the non commutative Snyder scenario. We characterize the deformations in the Poisson bracket algebra under a mimic procedure from quantum standard formulations and taking into account a general recipe to build the noncommutative phase space coordinates (in the sense of Poisson brackets). We obtain an expression to the deformed potential, and then the consequences in the precession of the orbit of Mercury are calculated. This result allows us to find an estimated value for the non commutative deformation parameter introduced.