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If $X$ is a geodesic metric space and $x_1,x_2,x_3in X$, a geodesic triangle $T={x_1,x_2,x_3}$ is the union of the three geodesics $[x_1x_2]$, $[x_2x_3]$ and $[x_3x_1]$ in $X$. The space $X$ is $delta$-hyperbolic (in the Gromov sense) if any side of $T$ is contained in a $delta$-neighborhood of the union of the two other sides, for every geodesic triangle $T$ in $X$. The study of hyperbolic graphs is an interesting topic since the hyperbolicity of a geodesic metric space is equivalent to the hyperbolicity of a graph related to it. In the context of graphs, to remove and to contract an edge of a graph are natural transformations. The main aim in this work is to obtain quantitative information about the distortion of the hyperbolicity constant of the graph $G setminus e$ (respectively, $,G/e,$) obtained from the graph $G$ by deleting (respectively, contracting) an arbitrary edge $e$ from it. This work provides information about the hyperbolicity constant of minor graphs.
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If $X$ is a geodesic metric space and $x_{1},x_{2},x_{3} in X$, a geodesic triangle $T={x_{1},x_{2},x_{3}}$ is the union of the three geodesics $[x_{1}x_{2}]$, $[x_{2}x_{3}]$ and $[x_{3}x_{1}]$ in $X$. The space $X$ is $delta$-hyperbolic in the Gromov sense if any side of $T$ is contained in a $delta$-neighborhood of the union of the two other sides, for every geodesic triangle $T$ in $X$. If $X$ is hyperbolic, we denote by $delta(X)$ the sharp hyperbolicity constant of $X$, i.e. $delta(X) =inf { deltageq 0:{0.3cm}$ X ${0.2cm}$ $text{is} {0.2cm} delta text{-hyperbolic} }.$ To compute the hyperbolicity constant is a very hard problem. Then it is natural to try to bound the hyperbolycity constant in terms of some parameters of the graph. Denote by $mathcal{G}(n,m)$ the set of graphs $G$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, and such that every edge has length $1$. In this work we estimate $A(n,m):=min{delta(G)mid G in mathcal{G}(n,m) }$ and $B(n,m):=max{delta(G)mid G in mathcal{G}(n,m) }$. In particular, we obtain good bounds for $B(n,m)$, and we compute the precise value of $A(n,m)$ for all values of $n$ and $m$. Besides, we apply these results to random graphs.
The large-scale geometry of hyperbolic metric spaces exhibits many distinctive features, such as the stability of quasi-geodesics (the Morse Lemma), the visibility property, and the homeomorphism between visual boundaries induced by a quasi-isometry. We prove a number of closely analogous results for spaces of rank $n ge 2$ in an asymptotic sense, under some weak assumptions reminiscent of nonpositive curvature. For this purpose we replace quasi-geodesic lines with quasi-minimizing (locally finite) $n$-cycles of $r^n$ volume growth; prime examples include $n$-cycles associated with $n$-quasiflats. Solving an asymptotic Plateau problem and producing unique tangent cones at infinity for such cycles, we show in particular that every quasi-isometry between two proper CAT(0) spaces of asymptotic rank $n$ extends to a class of $(n-1)$-cycles in the Tits boundaries.
We give a necessary complex geometric condition for a bounded smooth convex domain in Cn, endowed with the Kobayashi distance, to be Gromov hyperbolic. More precisely, we prove that if a smooth bounded convex domain contains an analytic disk in its boundary, then the domain is not Gromov hyperbolic for the Kobayashi distance. We also provide examples of bounded smooth convex domains that are not strongly pseudoconvex but are Gromov hyperbolic.
We obtain explicit and simple conditions which in many cases allow one decide, whether or not a Denjoy domain endowed with the Poincare or quasihyperbolic metric is Gromov hyperbolic. The criteria are based on the Euclidean size of the complement. As a corollary, the main theorem allows to deduce the non-hyperbolicity of any periodic Denjoy domain.
In this paper we study the global geometry of the Kobayashi metric on convex sets. We provide new examples of non-Gromov hyperbolic domains in $mathbb{C}^n$ of many kinds: pseudoconvex and non-pseudocon ewline -vex, bounded and unbounded. Our first aim is to prove that if $Omega$ is a bounded weakly linearly convex domain in $mathbb{C}^n,,ngeq 2,$ and $S$ is an affine complex hyperplane intersecting $Omega,$ then the domain $Omegasetminus S$ endowed with the Kobayashi metric is not Gromov hyperbolic (Theorem 1.3). Next we localize this result on Kobayashi hyperbolic convex domains. Namely, we show that Gromov hyperbolicity of every open set of the form $Omegasetminus S,$ where $S$ is relatively closed in $Omega$ and $Omega$ is a convex domain, depends only on that how $S$ looks near the boundary, i.e., whether $S$ near $partialOmega$ (Theorem 1.7). We close the paper with a general remark on Hartogs type domains. The paper extends in an essential way results in [6].
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