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Register a new userMean curvature, volume and properness of isometric immersions
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We explore the relation among volume, curvature and properness of a $m$-dimensional isometric immersion in a Riemannian manifold. We show that, when the $L^p$-norm of the mean curvature vector is bounded for some $m leq pleq infty$, and the ambient manifold is a Riemannian manifold with bounded geometry, properness is equivalent to the finiteness of the volume of extrinsic balls. We also relate the total absolute curvature of a surface isometrically immersed in a Riemannian manifold with its properness. Finally, we relate the curvature and the topology of a complete and non-compact $2$-Riemannian manifold $M$ with non-positive Gaussian curvature and finite topology, using the study of the focal points of the transverse Jacobi fields to a geodesic ray in $M$ . In particular, we have explored the relation between the minimal focal distance of a geodesic ray and the total curvature of an end containing that geodesic ray.
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Kirigami is the art of cutting paper to make it articulated and deployable, allowing for it to be shaped into complex two and three-dimensional geometries. The mechanical response of a kirigami sheet when it is pulled at its ends is enabled and limited by the presence of cuts that serve to guide the possible non-planar deformations. Inspired by the geometry of this art form, we ask two questions: (i) What is the shortest path between points at which forces are applied? (ii) What is the nature of the ultimate shape of the sheet when it is strongly stretched? Mathematically, these questions are related to the nature and form of geodesics in the Euclidean plane with linear obstructions (cuts), and the nature and form of isometric immersions of the sheet with cuts when it can be folded on itself. We provide a constructive proof that the geodesic connecting any two points in the plane is piecewise polygonal. We then prove that the family of polygonal geodesics can be simultaneously rectified into a straight line by flat-folding the sheet so that its configuration is a (non-unique) piecewise affine planar isometric immersion.
J. Nash proved that the geometry of any Riemannian manifold M imposes no restrictions to be embedded isometrically into a (fixed) ball B_{mathbb{R}^{N}}(1) of the Euclidean space R^N. However, the geometry of M appears, to some extent, imposing restrictions on the mean curvature vector of the embedding.
We revisit the classical problem due to Weyl, as well as its generalisations, concerning the isometric immersions of $mathbb{S}^2$ into simply-connected $3$-dimensional Riemannian manifolds with non-negative Gauss curvature. A sufficient condition is exhibited for the existence of global $C^{1,1}$-isometric immersions. Our developments are based on the framework `{a} la Labourie (Immersions isom{e}triques elliptiques et courbes pseudo-holomorphes, J. Diff. Geom. 30 (1989), 395--424) of studying isometric immersions using $J$-holomorphic curves. We obtain along the way a generalisation of a classical theorem due to Heinz and Pogorelov.
We study (transverse) scalar curvature type equation on compact Sasaki manifolds, in view of recent breakthrough of Chen-Cheng cite{CC1, CC2, CC3} on existence of Kahler metrics with constant scalar curvature (csck) on compact Kahler manifolds. Following their strategy, we prove that given a Sasaki structure (with Reeb vector field and complex structure on its cone fixed ), there exists a Sasaki structure with transverse constant scalar curvature (cscs) if and only if the $mathcal{K}$-energy is reduced proper modulo the identity component of the automorphism group which preserves both the Reeb vector field and transverse complex structure. Technically, the proof mainly consists of two parts. The first part is a priori estimates for scalar curvature type equations which are parallel to Chen-Chengs results in cite{CC2, CC3} in Sasaki setting. The second part is geometric pluripotential theory on a compact Sasaki manifold, building up on profound results in geometric pluripotential theory on Kahler manifolds. There are notable, and indeed subtle differences in Sasaki setting (compared with Kahler setting) for both parts (PDE and pluripotential theory). The PDE part is an adaption of deep work of Chen-Cheng cite{CC1, CC2, CC3} to Sasaki setting with necessary modifications. While the geometric pluripotential theory on a compact Sasaki manifold has new difficulties, compared with geometric pluripotential theory in Kahler setting which is very intricate. We shall present the details of geometric pluripotential on Sasaki manifolds in a separate paper cite{HL} (joint work with Jun Li).
We study some potential theoretic properties of homothetic solitons $Sigma^n$ of the MCF and the IMCF. Using the analysis of the extrinsic distance function defined on these submanifolds in $mathbb{R}^{n+m}$, we observe similarities and differences in the geometry of solitons in both flows. In particular, we show that parabolic MCF-solitons $Sigma^n$ with $n>2$ are self-shrinkers and that parabolic IMCF-solitons of any dimension are self-expanders. We have studied too the geometric behavior of parabolic MCF and IMCF-solitons confined in a ball, the behavior of the Mean Exit Time function for the Brownian motion defined on $Sigma$ as well as a classification of properly immersed MCF-self-shrinkers with bounded second fundamental form, following the lines of cite{CaoLi}.
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