No Arabic abstract
In this work we introduce a new polynomial representation of the Bernoulli numbers in terms of polynomial sums allowing on the one hand a more detailed understanding of their mathematical structure and on the other hand provides a computation of $B_{2n}$ as a function of B$_{2n-2}$ only. Furthermore, we show that a direct computation of the Riemann zeta-function and their derivatives at k $in mathbb Z$ is possible in terms of these polynomial representation. As an explicit example, our polynomial Bernoulli number representation is applied to fast approximate computations of $zeta$(3), $zeta$(5) and $zeta$(7).
With this paper we introduce a new series representation of $zeta(3)$, which is based on the Clausen representation of odd integer zeta values. Although, relatively fast converging series based on the Clausen representation exist for $zeta(3)$, their convergence behavior is very slow compared to BBP-type formulas, and as a consequence they are not used for explicit numerical computations. The reason is found in the fact that the corresponding Clausen function can be calculated analytically for a few rational arguments only, where $x=frac{1}{6}$ is the smallest one. Using polylogarithmic identities in combination with a polynomial description of the even Bernoulli numbers, the convergence behavior of the Clausen-type representation has been improved to a level that allows us to challenge ultimately all BBP-type formulas available for $zeta(3)$. We present an explicit numerical comparison between one of the best available BBP formulas and our formalism. Furthermore, we demonstrate by an explicit computation using the first four terms in our series representation only that $zeta(3)$ results with an accuracy of $2*10^{-26}$, where our computation guarantees on each approximation level for an analytical expression for $zeta(3)$.
The Riemann zeta identity at even integers of Lettington, along with his other Bernoulli and zeta relations, are generalized. Other corresponding recurrences and determinant relations are illustrated. Another consequence is the application to sums of double zeta values. A set of identities for the Ramanujan and generalized Ramanujan polynomials is presented. An alternative proof of Lettingtons identity is provided, together with its generalizations to the Hurwitz and Lerch zeta functions, hence to Dirichlet $L$ series, to Eisenstein series, and to general Mellin transforms. The Hurwitz numbers $tilde{H}_n$ occur in the Laurent expansion about the origin of a certain Weierstrass $wp$ function for a square lattice, and are highly analogous to the Bernoulli numbers. An integral representation of the Laurent coefficients about the origin for general $wp$ functions, and for these numbers in particular, is presented. As a Corollary, the asymptotic form of the Hurwitz numbers is determined. In addition, a series representation of the Hurwitz numbers is given, as well as a new recurrence.
We introduce the degenerate Bernoulli numbers of the second kind as a degenerate version of the Bernoulli numbers of the second kind. We derive a family of nonlinear differential equations satisfied by a function closely related to the generating function for those numbers. We obtain explicit expressions for the coefficients appearing in those differential equations and the degenerate Bernoulli numbers of the second kind. In addition, as an application and from those differential equations we have an identity expressing the degenerate Bernoulli numbers of the second kind in terms of those numbers of higher-orders.
We give an expression of polynomials for higher sums of powers of integers via the higher order Bernoulli numbers.
In this paper we give the q-extension of Euler numbers which can be viewed as interpolating of the q-analogue of Euler zeta function ay negative integers, in the same way that Riemann zeta function interpolates Bernoulli numbers at negative integers. Finally we woll treat some identities of the q-extension of the euler numbers by using fermionic p-adic q-integration on Z_p.