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The single top quark final state provides sensitivity to new heavy resonances produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Particularly, the single top plus quark final state appears in models with heavy charged bosons or scalars, or in models with flavor-changing neutral currents involving the top quark. The cross sections and final state kinematics distinguish such models from each other and from standard model backgrounds. Several models of resonances decaying to a single top quark final state are presented and their phenomenology is discussed.
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We show how single top production at the LHC can be used to discover (and characterize the couplings of) B quarks, which are an essential part of many natural models of new physics beyond the Standard Model. We present the B effective model and concentrate on resonant production via a colored anomalous magnetic moment. Generally, Bs preferentially decay into a single top quark produced in association with a W boson; thus, this production process makes associated single top production essential to B searches at the LHC. We demonstrate the background processes are manageable and the signal cross section is sufficient to yield a large signal significance even during the 7 TeV LHC run. Specifically, we show that B masses of 700 GeV or more can be probed. Moreover, if a B is found, then the chirality of its coupling can be determined. Finally, we present signal cross sections for several different LHC energies.
Models incorporating flavoured dark matter provide an elegant solution to the dark matter problem, evading the tight LHC and direct direction constraints on simple WIMP models. In Dark Minimal Flavour Violation, a simple framework of flavoured dark matter with new sources of flavour violation, the constraints from thermal freeze-out, direct detection experiments, and flavour physics create well-defined benchmark scenarios for these models. We study the LHC phenomenology of four such scenarios, focusing on final states where a single top quark is produced accompanied by no jets, one jet from the fragmentation of light quarks or a $b$-tagged jet. For each of these signatures we develop a realistic LHC analysis, and we show that the proposed analyses would increase the parameter space coverage for the four benchmarks, compared to existing flavour-conserving LHC analyses. Finally we show the projected discovery potential of the considered signatures for the full LHC statistics at 14 TeV, and for the High Luminosity LHC.
One way to probe new physics beyond standard model is to check the correlation among higher dimension operators in effective field theory. We examine the strong correlation between the processes of $pprightarrow tHq$ and $pprightarrow tq$ which both depend on the same three operators. The correlation indicates that, according to the data of $pprightarrow tq$, $sigma_{tHq}=big[106.8 pm 64.8big]~{rm fb}$ which is far below the current upper limit $sigma_{tHq}leq 900~{rm fb}$.
A novel, unorthodox picture of the dynamics of heavy ion collisions is developed using the concept of Hagedorn states. A prescription of the bootstrap of Hagedorn states respecting the conserved quantum numbers baryon number B, strangeness S, isospin I is implememted into the GiBUU transport model. Using a strangeness saturation suppression factor suitable for nucleon-nucleon-collisions, recent experimental data for the strangeness production by the HADES collaboration in Au+Au and Ar+KCl is reasonable well described. The experimental observed exponential slopes of the energy distributions are nicely reproduced. Thus, a dynamical model using Hagedorn resonance states, supplemented by a strangeness saturation suppression factor, is able to explain essential features (multiplicities, exponential slope) of experimental data for strangeness production in nucleus-nucleus collisions close to threshold.
The inclusive photoproduction of two heavy quarks, separated by a large rapidity interval, is proposed as a new channel for the manifestation of the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) dynamics. The extension to the hadroproduction case is also discussed.
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