No Arabic abstract
We review and extend the Gauge Vectors-Tensor gravity: a covariant theory of gravity composed of a metric and gauge fields, leading to simple second order partial differential equations of motion, whose Newtonian and strong limits coincide to those of the Einsten-Hilbert action but the physics of its very weak fields should be identified through observation. We show that GVT is at least as dynamically stable as the Einstein-Hilbert gravity. It accommodates the MOND paradigm. We study its gravitational light deflection. We show that the post Newtonian parameter of $gamma$ vanishes in the MOND regime of GVT gravity. Since $Lambda$CDM assumes that $gamma=1$, this suggests to observationally measure the $gamma$ parameter in the weak regime of gravity as either a test for $Lambda$CDM or GVT models
Previously, the Einstein equation has been described as an equation of state, general relativity as the equilibrium state of gravity, and $f({cal R})$ gravity as a non-equilibrium one. We apply Eckarts first order thermodynamics to the effective dissipative fluid describing scalar-tensor gravity. Surprisingly, we obtain simple expressions for the effective heat flux, temperature of gravity, shear and bulk viscosity, and entropy density, plus a generalized Fourier law in a consistent Eckart thermodynamical picture. Well-defined notions of temperature and approach to equilibrium, missing in the current thermodynamics of spacetime scenarios, naturally emerge.
The main goal of the present work is to analyze the cosmological scenario of the induced gravity theory developed in previous works. Such a theory consists on a Yang-Mills theory in a four-dimensional Euclidian spacetime with $SO(m,n)$ such that $m+n=5$ and $min{0,1,2}$ as its gauge group. This theory undergoes a dynamical gauge symmetry breaking via an Inonu-Wigner contraction in its infrared sector. As a consequence, the $SO(m,n)$ algebra is deformed into a Lorentz algebra with the emergency of the local Lorentz symmetries and the gauge fields being identified with a vierbein and a spin connection. As a result, gravity is described as an effective Einstein-Cartan-like theory with ultraviolet correction terms and a propagating torsion field. We show that the cosmological model associated with this effective theory has three different regimes. In particular, the high curvature regime presents a de Sitter phase which tends towards a $Lambda$CDM model. We argue that $SO(m,n)$ induced gravities are promising effective theories to describe the early phase of the universe.
We study the properties of gravity and bulk fields living in a torsion warped braneworld. The torsion is driven by a background vector whose norm provides a source for the bulk cosmological constant. For a vector as the derivative of a scalar field, we find new isotropic and anisotropic thick brane geometries. We analyse the features of bosonic and fermionic fields in this isotropic and in standing wave scenarios. The background vector provides nonminimal coupling between the field and the geometry leading to modifications in the Kaluza-Klein states. The spinor connection is modified by the torsion and a derivative Yukawa-like coupling is proposed. The effects of these new couplings are investigated.
We show that gravity and matter fields are generically entangled, as a consequence of the local Poincare symmetry. First, we present a general argument, applicable to any particular theory of quantum gravity with matter, by performing the analysis in the abstract nonperturbative canonical framework, demonstrating the nonseparability of the scalar constraint, thus promoting the entangled states as the physical ones. Also, within the covariant framework, we show explicitly that the Hartle-Hawking state in the Regge model of quantum gravity is necessarily entangled. Our result is potentially relevant for the quantum-to-classical transition, taken within the framework of the decoherence programme: due to the gauge symmetry requirements, the matter does not decohere, it is by default decohered by gravity. Generically, entanglement is a consequence of interaction. This new entanglement could potentially, in form of an effective interaction, bring about corrections to the weak equivalence principle, further confirming that spacetime as a smooth four-dimensional manifold is an emergent phenomenon. Finally, the existence of the gauge-protected entanglement between gravity and matter could be seen as a criterion for a plausible theory of quantum gravity, and in the case of perturbative quantisation approaches, a confirmation of the persistence of the manifestly broken gauge symmetry.
In this letter we investigate gauge invariant scalar fluctuations of the metric in a non-perturbative formalism for a Higgs inflationary model recently introduced in the framework of a geometrical scalar-tensor theory of gravity. In this scenario the Higgs inflaton field has its origin in the Weyl scalar field of the background geometry. We found a nearly scale invariance of the power spectrum for linear scalar fluctuations of the metric. For certain parameters of the model we obtain values for the scalar spectral index $n_s$ and the scalar to tensor ratio $r$ that fit well with the Planck 2018 results. Besides we show that in this model the trans-planckian problem can be avoided.