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Massimo Franceschet
Publication date
2014
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
Authors
Massimo Franceschet
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Complex systems and their underlying convoluted networks are ubiquitous, all we need is an eye for them. They pose problems of organized complexity which cannot be approached with a reductionist method. Complexity science and its emergent sister network science both come to grips with the inherent complexity of complex systems with an holistic strategy. The relevance of complexity, however, transcends the sciences. Complex systems and networks are the focal point of a philosophical, cultural and artistic turn of our tightly interrelated and interdependent postmodern society. Here I take a different, aesthetic perspective on complexity. I argue that complex systems can be beautiful and can the object of artification - the neologism refers to processes in which something that is not regarded as art in the traditional sense of the word is changed into art. Complex systems and networks are powerful sources of inspiration for the generative designer, for the artful data visualizer, as well as for the traditional artist. I finally discuss the benefits of a cross-fertilization between science and art.
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The 2011 Grand Challenge in Service conference aimed to explore, analyse and evaluate complex service systems, utilising a case scenario of delivering on improved perception of safety in the London Borough of Sutton, which provided a common context to link the contributions. The key themes that emerged included value co-creation, systems and networks, ICT and complexity, for which we summarise the contributions. Contributions on value co-creation are based mainly on empirical research and provide a variety of insights including the importance of better understanding collaboration within value co-creation. Contributions on the systems perspective, considered to arise from networks of value co-creation, include efforts to understand the implications of the interactions within service systems, as well as their interactions with social systems, to co-create value. Contributions within the technological sphere, providing ever greater connectivity between entities, focus on the creation of new value constellations and new demand being fulfilled through hybrid offerings of physical assets, information and people. Contributions on complexity, arising from the value co- creation networks of technology enabled services systems, focus on the challenges in understanding, managing and analysing these complex service systems. The theory and applications all show the importance of understanding service for the future.
Structural analysis is a method for verifying equation-oriented models in the design of industrial systems. Existing structural analysis methods need flattening the hierarchical models into an equation system for analysis. However, the large-scale equations in complex models make the structural analysis difficult. Aimed to address the issue, this study proposes a hierarchical structural analysis method by exploring the relationship between the singularities of the hierarchical equation-oriented model and its components. This method obtains the singularity of a hierarchical equation-oriented model by analyzing the dummy model constructed with the parts from the decomposing results of its components. Based on this, the structural singularity of a complex model can be obtained by layer-by-layer analysis according to their natural hierarchy. The hierarchical structural analysis method can reduce the equation scale in each analysis and achieve efficient structural analysis of very complex models. This method can be adaptively applied to nonlinear algebraic and differential-algebraic equation models. The main algorithms, application cases, and comparison with the existing methods are present in the paper. Complexity analysis results show the enhanced efficiency of the proposed method in structural analysis of complex equation-oriented models. As compared with the existing methods, the time complexity of the proposed method is improved significantly.
Different kinds of models are used to study various natural and technical phenomena. Usually, the researcher is limited to using a certain kind of model approach, not using others (or even not realizing the existence of other model approaches). The authors believe that a complete study of a certain phenomenon should cover several model approaches. The paper describes several model approaches which we used in the study of the random early detection algorithm for active queue management. Both the model approaches themselves and their implementation and the results obtained are described.
A study on future large accelerators [1] has considered a facility, which is designed, built and operated by a worldwide collaboration of equal partner institutions, and which is remote from most of these institutions. The full range of operation was considered including commi-ssioning, machine development, maintenance, trouble shooting and repair. Experience from existing accele-rators confirms that most of these activities are already performed remotely. The large high-energy physics ex-periments and astronomy projects, already involve inter-national collaborations of distant institutions. Based on this experience, the prospects for a machine operated remotely from far sites are encouraging. Experts from each laboratory would remain at their home institution but continue to participate in the operation of the machine after construction. Experts are required to be on site only during initial commissioning and for par-ticularly difficult problems. Repairs require an on-site non-expert maintenance crew. Most of the interventions can be made without an expert and many of the rest resolved with remote assistance. There appears to be no technical obstacle to controlling an accelerator from a distance. The major challenge is to solve the complex management and communication problems.
We review measurements of open beauty production at HERA, with emphasis on recent results based on lifetime signatures. The beauty cross sections in photoproduction and deep-inelastic scattering are found to be higher than expected in QCD at next-to-leading order. The discussion includes new results on beauty production in e+e-, gamma-gamma and p-bar-p interactions. An outlook on the potential for measurements with the upgraded HERA collider and experiments is also given.
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