The paper concerns the solvability by quadratures of linear differential systems, which is one of the questions of differential Galois theory. We consider systems with regular singular points as well as those with (non-resonant) irregular ones and propose some criteria of solvability for systems whose (formal) exponents are sufficiently small.
We study the problem of solvability of linear differential systems with small coefficients in the Liouvillian sense (or, by generalized quadratures). For a general system, this problem is equivalent to that of solvability of the Lie algebra of the differential Galois group of the system. However, dependence of this Lie algebra on the system coefficients remains unknown. We show that for the particular class of systems with non-resonant irregular singular points that have sufficiently small coefficient matrices, the problem is reduced to that of solvability of the explicit Lie algebra generated by the coefficient matrices. This extends the corresponding Ilyashenko-Khovanskii theorem obtained for linear differential systems with Fuchsian singular points. We also give some examples illustrating the practical verification of the presented criteria of solvability by using general procedures implemented in Maple.
We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a system of linear inhomogeneous fractional differential equations to have at least one bounded solution. We also obtain an explicit description for the set of all bounded (or decay) solutions for these systems.
In this paper, we investigate some aspects of the qualitative theory for multi-order fractional differential equation systems. First, we obtain a fundamental result on the existence and uniqueness for multi-order fractional differential equation systems. Next, a representation of solutions of homogeneous linear multi-order fractional differential equation systems in series form is provided. Finally, we give characteristics regarding the asymptotic behavior of solutions to some classes of linear multi-order fractional differential equation systems.
Let $[A]: Y=AY$ with $Ain mathrm{M}_n (k)$ be a differential linear system. We say that a matrix $Rin {cal M}_{n}(bar{k})$ is a {em reduced form} of $[A]$ if $Rin mathfrak{g}(bar{k})$ and there exists $Pin GL_n (bar{k})$ such that $R=P^{-1}(AP-P)in mathfrak{g}(bar{k})$. Such a form is often the sparsest possible attainable through gauge transformations without introducing new transcendants. In this article, we discuss how to compute reduced forms of some symplectic differential systems, arising as variational equations of hamiltonian systems. We use this to give an effective form of the Morales-Ramis theorem on (non)-integrability of Hamiltonian systems.
Lie symmetries of systems of second-order linear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients are exhaustively described over both the complex and real fields. The exact lower and upper bounds for the dimensions of the maximal Lie invariance algebras possessed by such systems are obtained using an effective algebraic approach.