No Arabic abstract
This article is the third and last part of a series of three articles about compatible systems of symplectic Galois representations and applications to the inverse Galois problem. This part proves the following new result for the inverse Galois problem for symplectic groups. For any even positive integer n and any positive integer d, PSp_n(F_{l^d}) or PGSp_n(F_{l^d}) occurs as a Galois group over the rational numbers for a positive density set of primes l. The result is obtained by showing the existence of a regular, algebraic, self-dual, cuspidal automorphic representation of GL_n(A_Q) with local types chosen so as to obtain a compatible system of Galois representations to which the results from Part II of this series apply.
This article is the first part of a series of three articles about compatible systems of symplectic Galois representations and applications to the inverse Galois problem. In this first part, we determine the smallest field over which the projectivisation of a given symplectic group representation satisfying some natural conditions can be defined. The answer only depends on inner twists. We apply this to the residual representations of a compatible system of symplectic Galois representations satisfying some mild hypothesis and obtain precise information on their projective images for almost all members of the system, under the assumption of huge residual images, by which we mean that a symplectic group of full dimension over the prime field is contained up to conjugation. Finally, we obtain an application to the inverse Galois problem.
A strategy to address the inverse Galois problem over Q consists of exploiting the knowledge of Galois representations attached to certain automorphic forms. More precisely, if such forms are carefully chosen, they provide compatible systems of Galois representations satisfying some desired properties, e.g. properties that reflect on the image of the members of the system. In this article we survey some results obtained using this strategy.
In this paper we generalize results of P. Le Duff to genus n hyperelliptic curves. More precisely, let C/Q be a hyperelliptic genus n curve and let J(C) be the associated Jacobian variety. Assume that there exists a prime p such that J(C) has semistable reduction with toric dimension 1 at p. We provide an algorithm to compute a list of primes l (if they exist) such that the Galois representation attached to the l-torsion of J(C) is surjective onto the group GSp(2n, l). In particular we realize GSp(6, l) as a Galois group over Q for all primes l in [11, 500000].
Conjecturally, the Galois representations that are attached to essentially selfdual regular algebraic cuspidal automorphic representations are Zariski-dense in a polarized Galois deformation ring. We prove new results in this direction in the context of automorphic forms on definite unitary groups over totally real fields. This generalizes the infinite fern argument of Gouvea-Mazur and Chenevier, and relies on the construction of non-classical $p$-adic automorphic forms, and the computation of the tangent space of the space of trianguline Galois representations. This boils down to a surprising statement about the linear envelope of intersections of Borel subalgebras.
For each of the groups PSL2(F25), PSL2(F32), PSL2(F49), PGL2(F25), and PGL2(F27), we display the first explicitly known polynomials over Q having that group as Galois group. Each polynomial is related to a Galois representation associated to a modular form. We indicate how computations with modular Galois representations were used to obtain these polynomials. For each polynomial, we also indicate how to use Serres conjectures to determine the modular form giving rise to the related Galois representation.