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Register a new userSearch for 2beta decays of 96Ru and 104Ru by ultra-low background HPGe gamma spectrometry at LNGS: final results
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P. Belli
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An experiment to search for double beta decay processes in 96Ru and 104Ru, which are accompanied by gamma rays, has been realized in the underground Gran Sasso National Laboratories of the I.N.F.N. (Italy). Ruthenium samples with masses of about (0.5-0.7) kg were measured with the help of ultra-low background high purity Ge gamma ray spectrometry. After 2162 h of data taking the samples were deeply purified to reduce the internal contamination of 40K. The last part of the data has been accumulated over 5479 h. New improved half life limits on 2beta+/epsilon beta+/2epsilon processes in 96Ru have been established on the level of 10^{20} yr, in particular for decays to the ground state of 96Mo: T1/2(2 u 2beta+) > 1.4 10^{20} yr, T1/2(2 u epsilonbeta+) > 8.0 10^{19} yr and T1/2(0 u 2K) > 1.0 10^{21} yr (all limits are at 90% C.L.). The resonant neutrinoless double electron captures to the 2700.2 keV and 2712.7 keV excited states of 96Mo are restricted as: T1/2(0 u KL) > 2.0 10^{20} yr and T1/2(0 u 2L) > 3.6 10^{20} yr, respectively. Various two neutrino and neutrinoless 2beta half lives of 96Ru have been estimated in the framework of the QRPA approach. In addition, the T1/2 limit for 0 u 2beta- transitions of 104Ru to the first excited state of 104Pd has been set as > 6.5 10^{20} yr.
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A search for double beta processes in 190Pt and 198Pt was realized with the help of ultra-low background HP Ge 468 cm^3 gamma spectrometer in the underground Gran Sasso National Laboratories of the INFN (Italy). After 1815 h of data taking with 42.5 g platinum sample, T_{1/2} limits on 2beta processes in 190Pt (epsilonbeta^+ and 2epsilon) have been established on the level of 10^{14}-10^{16} yr, 3 to 4 orders of magnitude higher than those known previously. In particular, a possible resonant double electron capture in 190Pt was restricted on the level of 2.9 times 10^{16} yr at 90% C.L. In addition, T_{1/2} limit on 2 beta^- decay of 198Pt (2 u+0 u) to the 2^+_1 excited level of 198Hg has been set at the first time: T_{1/2}>3.5 times 10^{18} yr. The radiopurity level of the used platinum sample is reported.
Results on the search for rare nuclear decays with the ultra low background facility STELLA at the LNGS using gamma ray spectrometry are presented. In particular, the best T1/2 limits were obtained for double beta processes in 96Ru and 104Ru. Several isotopes, which potentially decay through different double beta decay channels, including also possible resonant double electron captures, were investigated for the first time (156Dy, 158Dy, 184Os, 192Os, 190Pt, 198Pt). Search for resonant absorption of solar 7Li axions in a LiF crystal gave the best limit for the mass of 7Li axions (< 8.6 keV). Rare alpha decay of 190Pt to the first excited level of 186Os (Eexc = 137.2 keV) was observed for the first time.
A search for the double beta decay of zinc and tungsten isotopes has been performed with the help of radiopure ZnWO4 crystal scintillators (0.1-0.7 kg) at the Gran Sasso National Laboratories of the INFN. The total exposure of the low background measurements is 0.529 kg yr. New improved half-life limits on the double beta decay modes of 64Zn, 70Zn, 180W, and 186W have been established at the level of 10^{18}-10^{21} yr. In particular, limits on double electron capture and electron capture with positron emission in 64Zn have been set: T_{1/2}(2 u 2K) > 1.1 10^{19} yr, T_{1/2} (0 u 2epsilon) > 3.2 10^{20} yr, T_{1/2} (2 u epsilon beta^+) > 9.4 10^{20} yr, and T_{1/2} (0 u epsilon beta^+) > 8.5 10^{20} yr, all at 90% C.L. Resonant neutrinoless double electron capture in 180W has been restricted on the level of T_{1/2} (0 u 2epsilon) > 1.3 10^{18} yr. A new half-life limit on alpha transition of 183W to the metastable excited level 1/2^- 375 keV of 179Hf has been established: T_{1/2} > 6.7 10^{20} yr.
We report searches for $B^0torm{invisible}$ and $B^0torm{invisible}+gamma$ decays, where the energy of the photon is required to be larger than 0.5 GeV. These results are obtained from a $711,{rm fb}^{-1}$ data sample that contains $772 times 10^6 Bbar{B}$ pairs and was collected near the $Upsilon,(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+ e^-$ collider. We observe no significant signal for either decay and set upper limits on their branching fractions at $90%$ confidence level of $mathcal{B},(B^0torm{invisible}) < 7.8times10^{-5}$ and $mathcal{B},(B^0torm{invisible}+gamma) < 1.6times10^{-5}$.
A radiopure cadmium tungstate crystal scintillator, enriched in $^{106}$Cd to 66%, with mass of 216 g ($^{106}$CdWO$_4$), was used to search for double beta decay processes in $^{106}$Cd in coincidence with four ultra-low background high purity germanium detectors in a single cryostat. New improved limits on the double beta processes in $^{106}$Cd have been set on the level of $10^{20}- 10^{21}$ yr after 13085 h of data taking. In particular, the half-life limit on the two neutrino electron capture with positron emission, $T_{1/2}^{2 uvarepsilonbeta^+}geq 1.1times 10^{21}$ yr, has reached the region of theoretical predictions. With this half-life limit the effective nuclear matrix element for the $2 uvarepsilonbeta^+$ decay is bounded as $M^{2 uvarepsilonbeta^+}_{eff}le 1.1$. The resonant neutrinoless double electron captures to the 2718 keV, 2741 keV and 2748 keV excited states of $^{106}$Pd are restricted at the level of $T_{1/2} geq (8.5times10^{20}-1.4times10^{21}$) yr.
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