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Register a new userSpectroscopic hint of a cold stream in the direction of the globular cluster NGC 1851
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We present the results of a spectroscopic survey performed in the outskirts of the globular cluster NGC1851 with VIMOS@VLT. The radial velocities of 107 stars in a region between 12 and 33 around the cluster have been derived. We clearly identify the cluster stellar population over the entire field of view, indicating the presence of a significant fraction of stars outside the tidal radius predicted by King models. We also find tentative evidence of a cold (sigma_v< 20 km/s) peak in the distribution of velocities at v_r~180 km/s constituted mainly by Main Sequence stars whose location in the color-magnitude diagram is compatible with a stream at a similar distance of this cluster. If confirmed, this evidence would strongly support the extra-Galactic origin of this feature.
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We study the distribution of aluminum abundances among red giants in the peculiar globular cluster NGC 1851. Aluminum abundances were derived from the strong doublet Al I 8772-8773 A measured on intermediate resolution FLAMES spectra of 50 cluster stars acquired under the Gaia-ESO public survey. We coupled these abundances with previously derived abundance of O, Na, Mg to fully characterize the interplay of the NeNa and MgAl cycles of H-burning at high temperature in the early stellar generation in NGC 1851. The stars in our sample show well defined correlations between Al,Na and Si; Al is anticorrelated with O and Mg. The average value of the [Al/Fe] ratio steadily increases going from the first generation stars to the second generation populations with intermediate and extremely modified composition. We confirm on a larger database the results recently obtained by us (Carretta et al. 2011a): the pattern of abundances of proton-capture elements implies a moderate production of Al in NGC 1851. We find evidence of a statistically significant positive correlation between Al and Ba abundances in the more metal-rich component of red giants in NGC 1851.
We present the abundances of N in a sample of 62 stars on the red giant branch (RGB) in the peculiar globular cluster NGC 1851. The values of [N/Fe] ratio were obtained by comparing the flux measured in the observed spectra with that from synthetic spectra for up to about 15 features of CN. This is the first time that N abundances are obtained for such a large sample of RGB stars from medium-resolution spectroscopy in this cluster. With these abundances we provide a chemical tagging of the split red giant branch found from several studies in NGC 1851. The secondary, reddest sequence on the RGB is populated almost exclusively by N-rich stars, confirming our previous suggestion based on Stromgren magnitudes and colours. These giants are also, on average, enriched in s-process elements such as Ba, and are likely the results of pollution from low mass stars that experienced episodes of third dredge-up in the asymptotic giant branch phase.
We present the abundance analysis for a sample of 17 red giant branch stars in the metal-poor globular cluster M28 based on high resolution spectra. This is the first extensive spectroscopic study of this cluster. We derive abundances of O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, and Eu. We find a metallicity of [Fe/H]=-1.29+-0.01 and an alpha-enhancement of +0.34+-0.01 (errors on the mean), typical of Halo Globular Clusters in this metallicity regime. A large spread is observed in the abundances of light elements O, Na, and Al. Mg also shows an anticorrelation with Al with a significance of 3 sigma. The cluster shows a Na-O anticorrelation and a Na-Al correlation. This correlation is not linear but segmented and that the stars are not distributed continuously, but form at least 3 well separated sub-populations. In this aspect M28 resembles NGC~2808 that was found to host at least 5 sub-populations. The presence of a Mg-Al anticorrelation favor massive AGB stars as the main polluters responsible for the multiple-population phenomenon.
We present the abundance analysis for a sample of 18 red giant branch stars in the metal-poor globular cluster NGC 4147 based on medium and high resolution spectra. This is the first extensive spectroscopic study of this cluster. We derive abundances of C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, Y, Ba, and Eu. We find a metallicity of [Fe/H]=-1.84+-0.02 and an alpha-enhancement of +0.38+-0.05 (errors on the mean), typical of halo globular clusters in this metallicity regime. A significant spread is observed in the abundances of light elements C, N, O, Na, and Al. In particular we found a Na-O anti-correlation and Na-Al correlation. The cluster contains only 15% of stars that belong to the first generation (Na-poor and O-rich). This implies that it suffered a severe mass loss during its lifetime. Its [Ca/Fe] and [Ti/Fe] mean values agree better with the Galactic Halo trend than with the trend of extragalactic environments at the cluster metallicity. This possibly suggests that NGC 4147 is a genuine Galactic object at odd with what claimed by some author that proposed the cluster to be member of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. A anti-relation between the light s-process element Y and Na may also be present.
We present chemical abundance analysis of a sample of 15 red giant branch (RGB) stars of the Globular Cluster NGC~1851 distributed along the two RGBs of the (v, v-y) CMD. We determined abundances for C+N+O, Na, $alpha$, iron-peak, and s-elements. We found that the two RGB populations significantly differ in their light (N,O,Na) and s-element content. On the other hand, they do not show any significant difference in their $alpha$ and iron-peak element content. More importantly, the two RGB populations do not show any significant difference in their total C+N+O content. Our results do not support previous hypotheses suggesting that the origin of the two RGBs and the two subgiant branches of the cluster is related to a different content of either $alpha$ (including Ca) or iron-peak elements, or C+N+O abundance, due to a second generation polluted by SNeII.
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