In this paper, we generalise Magnus Freiheitssatz and solution to the word problem for one-relator groups by considering one relator quotients of certain classes of right-angled Artin groups and graph products of locally indicable polycyclic groups.
We prove a freeness theorem for low-rank subgroups of one-relator groups. Let $F$ be a free group, and let $win F$ be a non-primitive element. The primitivity rank of $w$, $pi(w)$, is the smallest rank of a subgroup of $F$ containing $w$ as an imprimitive element. Then any subgroup of the one-relator group $G=F/langlelangle wranglerangle$ generated by fewer than $pi(w)$ elements is free. In particular, if $pi(w)>2$ then $G$ doesnt contain any Baumslag--Solitar groups. The hypothesis that $pi(w)>2$ implies that the presentation complex $X$ of the one-relator group $G$ has negative immersions: if a compact, connected complex $Y$ immerses into $X$ and $chi(Y)geq 0$ then $Y$ is Nielsen equivalent to a graph. The freeness theorem is a consequence of a dependence theorem for free groups, which implies several classical facts about free and one-relator groups, including Magnus Freiheitssatz and theorems of Lyndon, Baumslag, Stallings and Duncan--Howie. The dependence theorem strengthens Wises $w$-cycles conjecture, proved independently by the authors and Helfer--Wise, which implies that the one-relator complex $X$ has non-positive immersions when $pi(w)>1$.
We show that any one-relator group $G=F/langlelangle wranglerangle$ with torsion is coherent -- i.e., that every finitely generated subgroup of $G$ is finitely presented -- answering a 1974 question of Baumslag in this case.
In this paper, we prove that two-generator one-relator groups with depth less than or equal to 3 can be effectively embedded into a tower of HNN-extensions in which each group has the effective standard normal form. We give an example to show how to deal with some general cases for one-relator groups. By using the Magnus method and Composition-Diamond Lemma, we reprove the G. Higman, B. H. Neumann and H. Neumanns embedding theorem.
Previously, the authors proved that the presentation complex of a one-relator group $G$ satisfies a geometric condition called negative immersions if every two-generator, one-relator subgroup of $G$ is free. Here, we prove that one-relator groups with negative immersions are coherent, answering a question of Baumslag in this case. Other strong constraints on the finitely generated subgroups also follow such as, for example, the co-Hopf property. The main new theorem strengthens negative immersions to uniform negative immersions, using a rationality theorem proved with linear-programming techniques.