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Register a new userRadiation effects in a muon collider ring and dipole magnet protection
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The requirements and operating conditions for a Muon Collider Storage Ring (MCSR) pose significant challenges to superconducting magnets. The dipole magnets should provide a high magnetic field to reduce the ring circumference and thus maximize the number of muon collisions during their lifetime. One third of the beam energy is continuously deposited along the lattice by the decay electrons at the rate of 0.5 kW/m for a 1.5-TeV c.o.m. and a luminosity of 1034 cm-2s-1. Unlike dipoles in proton machines, the MCSR dipoles should allow this dynamic heat load to escape the magnet helium volume in the horizontal plane, predominantly towards the ring center. This paper presents the analysis and comparison of radiation effects in MCSR based on two dipole magnets designs. Tungsten masks in the interconnect regions are used in both cases to mitigate the unprecedented dynamic heat deposition and radiation in the magnet coils.
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Conceptual designs of a superconducting dipole magnet for a Storage Ring of a Muon Collider with a 1.5 TeV center of mass (c.o.m.) energy and an average luminosity of 10 34 cm-2s-1 are presented. In contrast to proton machines, the dipoles for the Muon Collider should be able to handle ~0.5 kW/m of dynamic heat load from the muon beam decays. The magnets are based on Nb3Sn superconductor and designed to provide an operating field of 10 T in the 20-mm aperture with the critical current margin required for reliable machine operation. The magnet cross-sections were optimized to achieve the best possible field quality in the aperture occupied by beams. The developed mechanical structures provide adequate coil prestress and support at the maximum level of Lorentz forces in the coil. Magnet parameters are reported and compared with the requirements.
Conceptual designs of superconducting magnets for the storage ring of a Muon Collider with a 1.5 TeV c.o.m. energy and an average luminosity of 10 34 cm-2s-1 are presented. All magnets are based on Nb3Sn superconductor and designed to provide an adequate operating field/field gradient in the aperture with the critical current margin required for reliable magnet operation in the machine. Magnet cross-sections were optimized to achieve the accelerator field quality in the magnet aperture occupied with beams. The magnets and corresponding protective measures are designed to handle about 0.5 kW/m of dynamic heat load from the muon beam decays. Magnet parameters are reported and compared with the requirements.
Low-energy medium-luminosity Muon Collider (MC) is being studied as a possible Higgs Factory (HF). Electrons from muon decays will deposit more than 300 kW in superconducting magnets of the HF collider ring. This imposes significant challenges to superconducting (SC) magnets used in the MC storage ring (SR) and interaction regions (IR). The magnet designs are proposed which provide high operating gradient and magnetic field in a large aperture to accommodate the large size of muon beams due to low b{eta}* as well as the cooling system to intercept the large heat deposition from the showers induced by decay electrons. Specific distribution of heat deposition in the lattice elements MC SR requires large aperture magnets to accommodate thick high-Z absorbers to protect the SC coils. Based on the developed MARS15 model and intense simulations, a sophisticated radiation protection system was designed for the collider SR and IR to bring the peak power density in the superconducting coils below the quench limit and reduce the dynamic heat deposition in the cold mass by a factor of 100. The system consists of tight tungsten masks in the magnet interconnect regions and elliptical tungsten liners in magnet aperture optimized for each magnet. It also reduces the background particle fluxes in the collider detector.
Muon collider is a promising candidate for the next energy frontier machine. However, in order to obtain peak luminosity in the 1035/cm2/s range the collider lattice design must satisfy a number of stringent requirements, such as low beta at IP ({beta}* < 1 cm), large momentum acceptance and dynamic aperture and small value of the momentum compaction factor. Here we present a particular solution for the interaction region optics whose distinctive feature is a three-sextupole local chromatic correction scheme. Together with a new flexible momentum compaction arc cell design this scheme allows to satisfy all the above-mentioned requirements and is relatively insensitive to the beam-beam effect.
The design of a future multi-TeV muon collider needs new ideas to overcome the technological challenges related to muon production, cooling, accumulation and acceleration. In this paper a layout of a positron driven muon source known as the Low EMittance Muon Accelerator (LEMMA) concept is presented. The positron beam, stored in a ring with high energy acceptance and low emittance, is extracted and driven to a multi-target system, to produce muon pairs at threshold. This solution alleviates the issues related to the power deposited and the integrated Peak Energy Density Deposition (PEDD) on the targets. Muons produced in the multi-target system will then be accumulated before acceleration and injection in the collider. A multi-target line lattice has been designed to cope with the focusing of both the positron and muon beams. Studies on the number, material and thickness of the targets have been carried out. A general layout of the overall scheme and a description is presented, as well as plans for future R&D.
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