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Register a new userExcitation functions of proton-induced reactions on natural Nd in the 10-30 MeV energy range, and production of radionuclides relevant for double-{beta} decay
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A preferred candidate for neutrinoless double-{beta} decay, 150Nd, is present in natural neodymium at an abundance level of 5.64%. However, neodymium could be activated by cosmic rays during the period it spends on the Earths surface. Its activation by protons is therefore of interest when it comes to estimating the possible disturbance effects and increased background during neutrinoless double-{beta}-decay experiments like Sudbury Neutrino Observatory plus liquid scintillator (SNO+). In most cases, we lack experimental data on proton-induced reactions on neodymium. Therefore, a measurement of cross sections has been performed for the formation of 141Pm, 143Pm, 144Pm, 146Pm, 148Pm, 148Pmm, 149Pm, 150Pm, 140Nd, 141Nd, 147Nd, 149Nd, 138Prm, 139Pr, 142Pr, and 139Ce by 10-30 MeV protons. Oxidation-protected metal foil targets of natural isotopic abundance were irradiated by the usual stacked-foil technique on the external proton beam of the isochronous cyclotron U-120M at the Nuclear Physics Institute at v{R}ev{z} near Prague. Special attention was paid to the excitation functions of long-lived radionuclides. The measured data were compared with TENDL-2010 library data (TALYS code).
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Gamma-ray excitation functions have been measured for 30, 42, 54 and 66 MeV proton beams accelerated onto C + O (Mylar), Mg, Si, and Fe targets of astrophysical interest at the separate-sector cyclotron of iThemba LABS in Somerset West (Cape Town, South Africa). A large solid angle, high energy resolution detection system of the Eurogam type was used to record Gamma-ray energy spectra. Derived preliminary results of Gamma-ray line production cross sections for the Mg, Si and Fe target nuclei are reported and discussed. The current cross section data for known, intense Gamma-ray lines from these nuclei consistently extend to higher proton energies previous experimental data measured up to Ep ~ 25 MeV at the Orsay and Washington tandem accelerators. Data for new Gamma-ray lines observed for the first time in this work are also reported.
Excitation functions for the production of the 181,182m,182g,183,184g,186Re and 183,184Ta radionuclides from proton bombardment on natural tungsten were measured using the stacked-foil activation technique for the proton energies up to 40 MeV. A new data set has been given for the formation of the investigated radionuclides. Results are in good agreement with the earlier reported experimental data and theoretical calculations based on the ALICE-IPPE code. The thick target integral yields were also deduced from the measured excitation functions. The deduced yield values were compared with the directly measured thick target yield (TTY), and found acceptable agreement. The investigated radionuclide 186Re has remarkable applications in the field of nuclear medicine, whereas the data of 183,184gRe and 183Ta have potential applications in thin layer activation analysis and biomedical tracer studies, respectively.
Natural silver targets have been irradiated by using a 50 MeV alpha-particle beam in order to measure the activation cross sections of radioisotopes in the 40-50 MeV energy range. Among the radio-products there are medically important isotopes such as $^{110m}$In and $^{111}$In. For optimizing the production of these radioisotopes and regarding their purity and specific activity the cross section data for every produced radioisotope are important. New data are measured in this energy range and the results of some previous measurements have been confirmed. Physical yield curves have been calculated by using the new cross section data completed with the results from the literature.
Here we present the first results of WATCHBOY, a water Cherenkov detector designed to measure the yield of $beta$-neutron emitting radionuclides produced by cosmic ray muons in water. In addition to the $beta$-neutron measurement, we also provide a first look at isolating single-$beta$ producing radionuclides following muon-induced hadronic showers as a check of the detection capabilities of WATCHBOY. The data taken over $207$ live days indicates a $^{9}$Li production yield upper limit of $1.9times10^{-7}mu^{-1}g^{-1}mathrm{cm}^2$ at $sim400$ meters water equivalent (m.w.e.) overburden at the $90%$ confidence level. In this work the $^{9}$Li signal in WATCHBOY was used as a proxy for the combined search for $^{9}$Li and $^{8}$He production. This result will provide a constraint on estimates of antineutrino-like backgrounds in future water-based antineutrino detectors.
Double differential cross sections (DDCS) for light charged particles (proton, deuteron, triton, 3He, alpha) and neutrons produced by a proton beam impinging on a 238U target at 62.9 MeV were measured at the CYCLONE facility in Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium). These measurements have been performed using two independent experimental set-ups ensuring neutron (DeMoN counters) and light charged particles (Si-Si-CsI telescopes) detection. The charged particle data were measured at 11 different angular positions from 25 degrees to 140 degrees allowing the determination of angle differential, energy differential and total production cross sections.
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