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Register a new userInterpolating Masked Weak Lensing Signal with Karhunen-Loeve Analysis
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We explore the utility of Karhunen Loeve (KL) analysis in solving practical problems in the analysis of gravitational shear surveys. Shear catalogs from large-field weak lensing surveys will be subject to many systematic limitations, notably incomplete coverage and pixel-level masking due to foreground sources. We develop a method to use two dimensional KL eigenmodes of shear to interpolate noisy shear measurements across masked regions. We explore the results of this method with simulated shear catalogs, using statistics of high-convergence regions in the resulting map. We find that the KL procedure not only minimizes the bias due to masked regions in the field, it also reduces spurious peak counts from shape noise by a factor of ~ 3 in the cosmologically sensitive regime. This indicates that KL reconstructions of masked shear are not only useful for creating robust convergence maps from masked shear catalogs, but also offer promise of improved parameter constraints within studies of shear peak statistics.
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Aims. The Large Binocular Cameras (LBC) are two twin wide field cameras (FOV ~ 23x 25) mounted at the prime foci of the 8.4m Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). We performed a weak lensing analysis of the z=0.288 cluster Abell 611 on g-band data obtained by the blue-optimized Large Binocular Camera in order to estimate the cluster mass. Methods. Due to the complexity of the PSF of LBC, we decided to use two different approaches, KSB and Shapelets, to measure the shape of background galaxies and to derive the shear signal produced by the cluster. Then we estimated the cluster mass with both aperture densitometry and parametric model fits. Results. The combination of the large aperture of the telescope and the wide field of view allowed us to map a region well beyond the expected virial radius of the cluster and to get a high surface density of background galaxies (23 galaxies/arcmin^2). This made possible to estimate an accurate mass for Abell 611. We find that the mass within 1.5 Mpc is: $(8pm3)times 10^{14} M_odot$ from the aperture mass technique and $(5pm1)times 10^{14} M_odot$ using the model fitting by a NFW mass density profile, for both Shapelets and KSB methods. This analysis demonstrates that LBC is a powerful instrument for weak gravitational lensing studies.
Intrinsic variations of the projected density profiles of clusters of galaxies at fixed mass are a source of uncertainty for cluster weak lensing. We present a semi-analytical model to account for this effect, based on a combination of variations in halo concentration, ellipticity and orientation, and the presence of correlated haloes. We calibrate the parameters of our model at the 10 per cent level to match the empirical cosmic variance of cluster profiles at M_200m=10^14...10^15 h^-1 M_sol, z=0.25...0.5 in a cosmological simulation. We show that weak lensing measurements of clusters significantly underestimate mass uncertainties if intrinsic profile variations are ignored, and that our model can be used to provide correct mass likelihoods. Effects on the achievable accuracy of weak lensing cluster mass measurements are particularly strong for the most massive clusters and deep observations (with ~20 per cent uncertainty from cosmic variance alone at M_200m=10^15 h^-1 M_sol and z=0.25), but significant also under typical ground-based conditions. We show that neglecting intrinsic profile variations leads to biases in the mass-observable relation constrained with weak lensing, both for intrinsic scatter and overall scale (the latter at the 15 per cent level). These biases are in excess of the statistical errors of upcoming surveys and can be avoided if the cosmic variance of cluster profiles is accounted for.
We present a weak lensing analysis of the cluster of galaxies RXC J2248.7-4431, a massive system at z=0.3475 with prominent strong lensing features covered by the HST/CLASH survey (Postman et al. 2012). Based on UBVRIZ imaging from the WFI camera at the MPG/ESO-2.2m telescope, we measure photometric redshifts and shapes of background galaxies. The cluster is detected as a mass peak at 5sigma significance. Its density can be parametrised as an NFW profile (Navarro et al. 1996) with two free parameters, the mass M_200m=(33.1+9.6-6.8)x10^14Msol and concentration c_200m=2.6+1.5-1.0. We discover a second cluster inside the field of view at a photometric redshift of z~0.6, with an NFW mass of M_200m=(4.0+3.7-2.6)x10^14Msol.
Highly precise weak lensing shear measurement is required for statistical weak gravitational lensing analysis such as cosmic shear measurement to achieve severe constraint on the cosmological parameters. For this purpose, the accurate shape measurement of background galaxies is absolutely important in which any systematic error in the measurement should be carefully corrected. One of the main systematic error comes from photon noise which is Poisson noise of flux from the atmosphere(noise bias). We investigate how the photon noise makes a systematic error in shear measurement within the framework of ERA method we developed in earlier papers and gives a practical correction method. The method is tested by simulations with real galaxy images with various conditions and it is confirmed that it can correct $80 sim 90%$ of the noise bias except for galaxies with very low signal to noise ratio.
We present a conjecture regarding the expectation of the maxima of $L^2$ norms of sub-vectors of a Gaussian vector; this has application to nonlinear reconstruction.
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