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Added by
Laurent Romary
Publication date
2009
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
Authors
Laurent Romary
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This paper provides an introduction to the Text Encoding Initia-tive (TEI), focused at bringing in newcomers who have to deal with a digital document project and are looking at the capacity that the TEI environment may have to fulfil his needs. To this end, we avoid a strictly technical presentation of the TEI and concentrate on the actual issues that such projects face, with parallel made on the situation within two institutions. While a quick walkthrough the TEI technical framework is provided, the papers ends up by showing the essential role of the community in the actual technical contributions that are being brought to the TEI.
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Generating syntactically and semantically valid and relevant questions from paragraphs is useful with many applications. Manual generation is a labour-intensive task, as it requires the reading, parsing and understanding of long passages of text. A number of question generation models based on sequence-to-sequence techniques have recently been proposed. Most of them generate questions from sentences only, and none of them is publicly available as an easy-to-use service. In this paper, we demonstrate ParaQG, a Web-based system for generating questions from sentences and paragraphs. ParaQG incorporates a number of novel functionalities to make the question generation process user-friendly. It provides an interactive interface for a user to select answers with visual insights on generation of questions. It also employs various faceted views to group similar questions as well as filtering techniques to eliminate unanswerable questions
Automatic question generation (AQG) has broad applicability in domains such as tutoring systems, conversational agents, healthcare literacy, and information retrieval. Existing efforts at AQG have been limited to short answer lengths of up to two or three sentences. However, several real-world applications require question generation from answers that span several sentences. Therefore, we propose a novel evaluation benchmark to assess the performance of existing AQG systems for long-text answers. We leverage the large-scale open-source Google Natural Questions dataset to create the aforementioned long-answer AQG benchmark. We empirically demonstrate that the performance of existing AQG methods significantly degrades as the length of the answer increases. Transformer-based methods outperform other existing AQG methods on long answers in terms of automatic as well as human evaluation. However, we still observe degradation in the performance of our best performing models with increasing sentence length, suggesting that long answer QA is a challenging benchmark task for future research.
In this paper we present a question answering system using a neural network to interpret questions learned from the DBpedia repository. We train a sequence-to-sequence neural network model with n-triples extracted from the DBpedia Infobox Properties. Since these properties do not represent the natural language, we further used question-answer dialogues from movie subtitles. Although the automatic evaluation shows a low overlap of the generated answers compared to the gold standard set, a manual inspection of the showed promising outcomes from the experiment for further work.
Matching question-answer relations between two turns in conversations is not only the first step in analyzing dialogue structures, but also valuable for training dialogue systems. This paper presents a QA matching model considering both distance information and dialogue history by two simultaneous attention mechanisms called mutual attention. Given scores computed by the trained model between each non-question turn with its candidate questions, a greedy matching strategy is used for final predictions. Because existing dialogue datasets such as the Ubuntu dataset are not suitable for the QA matching task, we further create a dataset with 1,000 labeled dialogues and demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art and other strong baselines, particularly for matching long-distance QA pairs.
We investigate the problem of recovering jointly $r$-rank and $s$-bisparse matrices from as few linear measurements as possible, considering arbitrary measurements as well as rank-one measurements. In both cases, we show that $m asymp r s ln(en/s)$ measurements make the recovery possible in theory, meaning via a nonpractical algorithm. In case of arbitrary measurements, we investigate the possibility of achieving practical recovery via an iterative-hard-thresholding algorithm when $m asymp r s^gamma ln(en/s)$ for some exponent $gamma > 0$. We show that this is feasible for $gamma = 2$, and that the proposed analysis cannot cover the case $gamma leq 1$. The precise value of the optimal exponent $gamma in [1,2]$ is the object of a question, raised but unresolved in this paper, about head projections for the jointly low-rank and bisparse structure. Some related questions are partially answered in passing. For rank-one measurements, we suggest on arcane grounds an iterative-hard-thresholding algorithm modified to exploit the nonstandard restricted isometry property obeyed by this type of measurements.
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