No Arabic abstract
We study quasiperiodically forced circle endomorphisms, homotopic to the identity, and show that under suitable conditions these exhibit uncountably many minimal sets with a complicated structure, to which we refer to as `strangely dispersed. Along the way, we generalise some well-known results about circle endomorphisms to the uniquely ergodically forced case. Namely, all rotation numbers in the rotation interval of a uniquely ergodically forced circle endomorphism are realised on minimal sets, and if the rotation interval has non-empty interior then the topological entropy is strictly positive. The results apply in particular to the quasiperiodically forced Arnold circle map, which serves as a paradigm example.
We show that the horocycle flows of open tight hyperbolic surfaces do not admit minimal sets.
Theorem 2 of A. Kercheval, Denjoy minimal sets are far from affine, Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 22 (2002), 1803-1812 is corrected by adding a C^2 bound to the hypotheses.
Consider billiard dynamics in a strictly convex domain, and consider a trajectory that begins with the velocity vector making a small positive angle with the boundary. Lazutkin proved that in two dimensions, it is impossible for this angle to tend to zero along trajectories. We prove that such trajectories can exist in higher dimensions. Namely, using the geometric techniques of Arnold diffusion, we show that in three or more dimensions, assuming the geodesic flow on the boundary of the domain has a hyperbolic periodic orbit and a transverse homoclinic, the existence of trajectories asymptotically approaching the billiard boundary is a generic phenomenon in the real-analytic topology.
We develop a technique, pseudo-suspension, that applies to invariant sets of homeomorphisms of a class of annulus homeomorphisms we describe, Handel-Anosov-Katok (HAK) homeomorphisms, that generalize the homeomorphism first described by Handel. Given a HAK homeomorphism and a homeomorphism of the Cantor set, the pseudo-suspension yields a homeomorphism of a new space that admits a homeomorphism that combines features of both of the original homeomorphisms. This allows us to answer a well known open question by providing examples of hereditarily indecomposable continua that admit homeomorphisms of intermediate complexity. Additionally, we show that such examples occur as minimal sets of volume preserving smooth diffeomorphisms of 4-dimensional manifolds. We also use our techniques to exhibit the first examples of minimal, uniformly rigid and weakly mixing homeomorphisms in dimension $1$, and these can also be realized as invariant sets of smooth diffeomorphisms of a 4-manifold. Until now the only known examples of spaces that admit minimal, uniformly rigid and weakly mixing homeomorphisms were modifications of those given by Glasner and Maon in dimension at least $2$.
Let $G$ be a subgroup of $text{Homeo}_+(mathbb{R})$ without crossed elements. We show the equivalence among three items: (1) existence of $G$-invariant Radon measures on $mathbb R$; (2) existence of minimal closed subsets of $mathbb R$; (3) nonexistence of infinite towers covering the whole line. For a nilpotent subgroup $G$ of $text{Homeo}_+(mathbb{R})$, we show that $G$ always has an invariant Radon measure and a minimal closed set if every element of $G$ is $C^{1+alpha} (alpha>0$); a counterexample of $C^1$ commutative subgroup of $text{Homeo}_+(mathbb{R})$ is constructed.