No Arabic abstract
Motivated by recent experiments, which demonstrated lasing and cooling of the electromagnetic field in an electrical resonator coupled to a superconducting qubit, we study the phase coherence and diffusion of the system in the lasing state. We also discuss phase locking and synchronization induced by an additional {sl ac} driving of the resonator. We extend earlier work to account for the strong qubit-resonator coupling and to include the effects of low-frequency qubits noise. We show that the strong coupling may lead to a double peak structure of the spectrum, while the shape and width are determined to the low-frequency noise.
We have conducted experiments to probe how the dynamics of nanocontact vortex oscillators can be modulated by an external signal. We explore the phase-locking properties in both the commensurate and chaotic regimes, where chaos appears to impede phase-locking while a more standard behavior is seen in the commensurate phase. These different regimes correspond to how the periodicity of the vortex core reversal relates to the frequency of core gyration around the nanocontact; a commensurate phase appears when the reversal rate is an integer fraction of the gyration frequency, while a chaotic state appears when this ratio is irrational. External modulation where the power spectral density exhibits rich features, appears due to the modulation between the external source frequency, gyration frequency, and core reversal frequency. We explain these features with first- or second-order modulation between the three frequencies. Phase-locking is also visible between the external source frequency and internal vortex modes (gyration and core reversal modes).
A unique approach for steady in-phase locking of lasers in an array, regardless of the array geometry, position, orientation, period or size, is presented. The approach relies on the insertion of an intra-cavity Gaussian aperture in the far-field plane of the laser array. Steady in-phase locking of $90$ lasers, whose far-field patterns are comprised of sharp spots with extremely high power density, was obtained for various array geometries, even in the presence of near-degenerate solutions, geometric frustration or superimposed independent longitudinal modes. The internal phase structures of the lasers can also be suppressed so as to obtain pure Gaussian mode laser outputs with uniform phase and overall high beam quality. The approach could potentially improve the performances of recently developed laser simulators that are used for solving various computational problems.
We present measurements of the Berry Phase in a single solid-state spin qubit associated with the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. Our results demonstrate the remarkable degree of coherent control achievable in the presence of a highly complex solid-state environment. We manipulate the spin qubit geometrically by careful application of microwave radiation that creates an effective rotating magnetic field, and observe the resulting phase via spin-echo interferometry. We find good agreement with Berrys predictions within experimental errors. We also investigated the role of the environment on the geometric phase, and observed that unlike other solid-state qubit systems, the dephasing was primarily dominated by fast radial fluctuations in the path.
We review some theories of non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates in potentials, in particular of the Bose-Einstein condensate of polaritons. We discuss such condensates, which are steady-states established through a balance of gain and loss, in the complementary limits of a double-well potential and a random disorder potential. For equilibrium condensates, the former corresponds to a Josephson junction, whereas the latter is the setting for the superfluid/Bose glass transition. We explore the non-equilibrium generalization of these phenomena, and highlight connections with mode selection and synchronization.
Detailed experimental and theoretical investigations on two coupled fiber lasers, each with many longitudinal modes, reveal that the behavior of the longitudinal modes depends on both the coupling strength as well as the detuning between them. For low to moderate coupling strength only longitudinal modes which are common for both lasers phase-lock while those that are not common gradually disappear. For larger coupling strengths, the longitudinal modes that are not common reappear and phase-lock. When the coupling strength approaches unity the coupled lasers behave as a single long cavity with correspondingly denser longitudinal modes. Finally, we show that the gradual increase in phase-locking as a function of the coupling strength results from competition between phase-locked and non phase-locked longitudinal modes.