We discuss the Kaluza-Klein reduction of spaces with (anti-)self-dual Weyl tensor and point out the emergence of the Einstein-Weyl equations for the reduction from four to three dimensions. As a byproduct we get a simple expression for the gravitational instanton density in terms of the Kaluza-Klein functions.
We address the issue of radiative corrections to Kaluza-Klein (KK) masses in five-dimensional QED supplemented by aether Lorentz-violating terms. Specifically, we compute the corrections to the KK photon masses from one fermion loop. In general, the KK masses receive radiative corrections due to breaking the five-dimensional Lorentz invariance by compactification. As we show, the presence of the additional Lorentz violating factor - an aether background, leads to the non-trivial modification of these corrections. This model may be of interest in addressing important phenomenological issues such as the relation between radiative corrected KK mass splitting of a particular mode and uncertainties in the measurements and/or possible spatial variation of the fine-structure constant. For the recent data on the fine-structure constant, we find a KK mass splitting of magnitude $sim 0.01$ MeV for the first excited Kaluza-Klein gauge boson at TeV scale. On the other hand, the large KK modes limit displays a very interesting phenomenon, showing the very special role of the aether in protecting the higher modes from the quantum corrections.
We reconsider theories with low gravitational (or string) scale M_* where Newtons constant is generated via new large-volume spatial dimensions, while Standard Model states are localized to a 3-brane. Utilizing compact hyperbolic manifolds (CHMs) we show that the spectrum of Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes is radically altered. This allows an early universe cosmology with normal evolution up to substantial temperatures, and completely negates the constraints on M_* arising from astrophysics. Furthermore, an exponential hierarchy between the usual Planck scale and the true fundamental scale of physics can emerge with only order unity coefficients. The linear size of the internal space remains small. The proposal has striking testable signatures.
The newly proposed island formula for entanglement entropy of Hawking radiation is applied to spherically symmetric 4-dimensional eternal Kaluza-Klein (KK) black holes (BHs). The charge $Q$ of a KK BH quantifies its deviation from a Schwarzschild BH. The impact of $Q$ on the island is studied at both early and late times. The early size of the island, emph{if exists}, is of order Planck length $ell_{mathrm{P}}$, and will be shortened by $Q$ by a factor $1/sqrt2$ at most. The late-time island, whose boundary is on the outside but within a Planckian distance of the horizon, is slightly extended. While the no-island entropy grows linearly, the late-time entanglement entropy is given by island configuration with twice the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Thus we reproduce the Page curve for the eternal KK BHs. Compared with Schwarzschild results, the Page time and the scrambling time are marginally delayed. Moreover, the higher-dimensional generalization is presented. Skeptically, in both early and late times, there are Planck length scales involved, in which a semi-classical description of quantum fields breaks down.
We discuss Hawking radiation from a five-dimensional squashed Kaluza-Klein black hole on the basis of the tunneling mechanism. A simple manner, which was recently suggested by Umetsu, is possible to extend the original derivation by Parikh and Wilczek to various black holes. That is, we use the two-dimensional effective metric, which is obtained by the dimensional reduction near the horizon, as the background metric. By using same manner, we derive both the desired result of the Hawking temperature and the effect of the back reaction associated with the radiation in the squashed Kaluza-Klein black hole background.
The stability of squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes is studied. The squashed Kaluza-Klein black hole looks like five dimensional black hole in the vicinity of horizon and four dimensional Minkowski spacetime with a circle at infinity. In this sense, squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes can be regarded as black holes in the Kaluza-Klein spacetimes. Using the symmetry of squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes, $SU(2)times U(1)simeq U(2)$, we obtain master equations for a part of the metric perturbations relevant to the stability. The analysis based on the master equations gives a strong evidence for the stability of squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes. Hence, the squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes deserve to be taken seriously as realistic black holes in the Kaluza-Klein spacetime.