The effect of foliar spray with seaweed extract on the growth and productivity of the olive tree cv. Kaisi.

This research was carried out at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Hama, in seasons 2020, 2021 to study the effect of foliar spray of seaweed extract on the growth and productivity of the olive tree cv. Kaisi, Where the foliar spray was applied with seaweed extract called alga 600 in concentrate of (0.5 g/l) According to treatments: A0 control without spraying seaweed extract, A1 one spray one week before flowering, A2 one spray after fruit set, A3 one spray one month before harvest, A4 two sprays (before flowering and after fruit set), A5 two sprays (after fruit set and one month before harvest) A6, three sprays (before flowering, after fruit set, and one month before harvest) with the addition of ground fertilization according to the Fertilizer recommendation. The results of foliar fertilization showed a significant effect on the vegetative growth traits, as The treatment one month before harvest was superior to the rest of the treatments with a primary shoots length average 6.94 cm, while the control was 4.75 cm, while seaweed extract had a positive effect on the total number of flowers. Where the spraying treatment before flowering and after the fruit set contract was superior to the rest of the treatments, as the average number of flowers was 203.11 compared to the control with an average number of flowers 164.19, as well as in the percentage of fruit set, as the highest percentage of the contract when spraying treatment before flowering was 3.20% and in control 2.19% The results also showed a clear superiority in the productivity of the tree, especially the treatment before flowering and after the contract, Where the average tree productivity was 37.07 kg, and in the control it was 14.07 kg It was observed that there was a significant increase in the percentage of oil for the fruits, as a treatment a month before harvest was significantly superior to the rest of the treatments in both seasons, as the highest value of the oil percentage reached 20.28%, followed by a treatment before flowering, after fruit set and one month before harvest, with an oil percentage of 20.27 compared to the control 17.17%.

Determination of the contents of some trace of Heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb) in marine algae from the coast of Banias

The study focused in this research to determine the trace of some heavy metal elements (Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd, Lead Pb) in some types of marine macroalgae scattered on the shore of the city of Banias during 2014, using atomic absorption spectroscopy (technology flame Flame- AAS). The results indicate that the concentrationsofeach of Copper, Cadmium and Lead have a link with macroalgae types, sampling sites from direction, and Source of pollution on the other hand; it was observed that the accumulation of heavy metals in both of Sargassum vulgare (browen algae) and Enteromorpha linza (green algae) was more than red algae. Copper concentration ranged between 1.291 ppm and 11.716 ppm in the studied species, Reaching the highest value in the Enteromorpha linzaalgae and the lowest in Sargassum vulgarealgae, the highest value of Lead element was (59.354 ppm) in Enteromorpha linzaand the lowest value of it was (6.46 ppm) in Ulva fasciata, While the highest values of the element Cadmium recorded (10.457 ppm) in Enteromorpha linza and the lowest (0.666 ppm) in Ulva fasciata.

The ability of some macroalgae in accumulating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the Syrian coast

This study examines the ability of some marine algae (Padina pavonica and Hypnea musciformis) on accumulating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS). The samples were collected from five sites on the Syrian coast during 2011. The study revealed that the studied algae were able to accumulate PAHs. Their concentrations in Padina pavonica ranged from 21.53 to 54.76 ng/g dw, While in Hypenea they ranged from 43.59 to 24.96. ng/g dw. The Padina Pavonica of DIRASAT site accumulated ​​the largest amount of PAHs compounds, while the highest concentrations of these compounds in Hypenea Musciformis were observed in the BISTAN AL-BASHA site. Fluorine and phenanthrene recorded high concentration in the studied algae in comparison with the rest of the aromatic compounds containing three aromatic rings, and the total concentration of the compounds with three rings was higher than that in those compounds with four or five aromatic rings. The logarithm bioconcentration factors (log BCF) of the aromatic compounds with three aromatic rings was close to the logarithm octanol/water partitioning coefficients (log Kow ), unlike the compounds with higher rings, where log BCF was obviously less than that in the corresponding log Kow.

Accumulation of organic pollutants (PAH, PCBs) in Marine alga Ulva fasciata from Latakia and Jablah coast

The purpose of this study is to highlight on the ability of the alga Ulva fasciata to accumulate some organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons :PAHS, polychlorinated biphenyls: PCBs). The samples were collected from three sites at the Syrian coast during 2011. The result of this study revealed the ability of alga to accumulate significantly the PAHs and their concentrations ranged from 30.52 to 72.7 ng/g dw, While the PCBs concentrations were less, it ranged between 6.00 and 24.01 ng/g dw. The highest concentration of PAHs was observed at the Dirasat site, while the highest concentration of the PCBs found at the Cornish of Jablah. The logarithm bioconcentration factors (log BCF) of the aromatic compounds with three aromatic rings were close to the logarithm octanol/water partitioning coefficients (log Kow ), unlike the compounds with higher rings, where log BCF were obviously less than corresponding log Kow. The log BCF values of PCBs increased with increasing chlorine atoms (2 - 6 atoms) , while no increasing was observed for components that contain 7 to 8 chlorine atoms

Studying the possibility of using marine plants residues as an agricultural media in nurseries

This research was carried out during the period of (2010-2013) to study the possibility of benefiting from the raw seaweeds residues accumulated on the Syrian beach in obtaining an alternative substrates instead of the traditional one for using in nurseries especially forestry and thus reducing the peat moss importation and saving the currency, at the same time salvation the environment from the organic plant waste and improve the seashores appearance. This research included two main experiments which were: First: Substrates experiment Second: Soaking seeds in seaweeds extract experiment Finally it should be noted that this described work has added some important positive results in choosing a new substrates which will help in the future to solve the traditional and imported media problems, and it also provided an effective and economical solution for marine plant waste management and disposal from the environmental pollution in the coastal regions.