We demonstrate that the time evolution of the van Hove dynamical pair correlation function is governed by adiabatic forces that arise from the free energy and by superadiabatic forces that are induced by the flow of the van Hove function. The superadiabatic forces consist of drag, viscous, and structural contributions, as occur in active Brownian particles, in liquids under shear and in lane forming mixtures. For hard sphere liquids we present a power functional theory that predicts these universal force fields in quantitative agreement with our Brownian dynamics simulation results.
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