The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: CO(J = 3 - 2) mapping and lens modeling of an ACT-selected dusty star-forming galaxy


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We report Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) CO($J = 3 - 2$) observations of the dusty star-forming galaxy ACT-S,J020941+001557 at $z = 2.5528$, which was detected as an unresolved source in the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) equatorial survey. Our spatially resolved spectral line data support the derivation of a gravitational lens model from 37 independent velocity channel maps using a pixel-based algorithm, from which we infer a velocity-dependent magnification factor $mu approx 7-22$ with a luminosity-weighted mean $left<muright>approx 13$. The resulting source-plane reconstruction is consistent with a rotating disk, although other scenarios cannot be ruled out by our data. After correction for lensing, we derive a line luminosity $L^{prime}_{rm CO(3-2)}= (5.53pm 0.69) times 10^{10},{rm ,K,km,s^{-1},pc^{2}}$, a cold gas mass $M_{{rm gas}}= (3.86 pm 0.33) times 10^{10},M_{odot}$, a dynamical mass $M_{rm dyn},{rm sin}^2,i = 3.9^{+1.8}_{-1.5} times 10^{10},M_{odot}$, and a gas mass fraction $f_{rm gas},{rm csc}^2,i = 1.0^{+0.8}_{-0.4}$. The line brightness temperature ratio of $r_{3,1}approx 1.6$ relative to a Green Bank Telescope CO($J=1-0$) detection may be elevated by a combination of external heating of molecular clouds, differential lensing, and/or pointing errors.

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