Development of co-located ${}^{129}$Xe and ${}^{131}$Xe nuclear spin masers with external feedback scheme


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We report on the operation of co-located ${}^{129}$Xe and ${}^{131}$Xe nuclear spin masers with an external feedback scheme, and discuss the use of ${}^{131}$Xe as a comagnetometer in measurements of the ${}^{129}$Xe spin precession frequency. By applying a correction based on the observed change in the ${}^{131}$Xe frequency, the frequency instability due to magnetic field and cell temperature drifts are eliminated by two orders of magnitude. The frequency precision of 6.2 $mu$Hz is obtained for a 10$^4$ s averaging time, suggesting the possibility of future improvement to $approx$ 1 nHz by improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the observation.

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