Planar light-emitting diodes (LEDs) fabricated within a single high-mobility quantum well are demonstrated. Our approach leads to a dramatic reduction of radiative lifetime and junction area with respect to conventional vertical LEDs, promising very high-frequency device operation. Devices were fabricated by UV lithography and wet chemical etching starting from p-type modulation-doped AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Electrical and optical measurements from room temperature down to 1.8 K show high spectral purity and high external efficiency. Time-resolved measurements yielded extremely short recombination times of the order of 50 ps, demonstrating the relevance of the present scheme for high-frequency device applications in the GHz range.
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