Electronic correlation effects and the Coulomb gap at finite temperature


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We have investigated the effect of the long-range Coulomb interaction on the one-particle excitation spectrum of n-type Germanium, using tunneling spectroscopy on mechanically controllable break junctions. The tunnel conductance was measured as a function of energy and temperature. At low temperatures, the spectra reveal a minimum at zero bias voltage due to the Coulomb gap. In the temperature range above 1 K the Coulomb gap is filled by thermal excitations. This behavior is reflected in the temperature dependence of the variable-range hopping resitivity measured on the same samples: Up to a few degrees Kelvin the Efros-Shkovskii ln$R propto T^{-1/2}$ law is obeyed, whereas at higher temperatures deviations from this law are observed, indicating a cross-over to Motts ln$R propto T^{-1/4}$ law. The mechanism of this cross-over is different from that considered previously in the literature.

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