We investigate the properties of the extinction curve in the rest-frame UV for a sample of 34 UV-luminous galaxies at 2 < z < 2.5, selected from the FORS Deep Field (FDF) spectroscopic survey. A new parametric description of the rest-frame UV spectral energy distribution is adopted; its sensitivity to properties of the stellar populations or of dust attenuation is established with the use of combined stellar population and radiative transfer models. The distribution of the z ~ 2 UV-luminous FDF galaxies in several diagnostic diagrams shows that their extinction curves range between those typical of the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds (SMC and LMC, respectively). For the majority of strongly reddened objects having a UV continuum slope beta > -0.4 a significant 2175 A absorption feature is inferred, indicating an LMC-like extinction curve. On the other hand, the UV continua of the least reddened objects are mostly consistent with SMC-like extinction curves, lacking a significant 2175 A bump, as for the Calzetti et al. sample of local starbursts. Furthermore, the most opaque (beta ~ 0) UV-luminous galaxies tend to be among the most metal rich, most massive, and largest systems at z ~ 2. The presence of the UV bump does not seem to depend on the total metallicity, as given by the equivalent width (EW) of the C IV doublet. Conversely, it seems to be associated with large EWs of prominent interstellar low-ionisation absorption lines, suggesting a link between the strength of the UV bump and the topology of the interstellar medium of the most evolved UV-luminous, massive galaxies at z ~ 2.
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