Inductive acceleration of UHECRs in sheared relativistic jets


الملخص بالإنكليزية

(Abridged)Relativistic outflows carrying large scale magnetic fields have large inductive potential and may accelerate protons to ultra high energies. We discuss a novel scheme of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) acceleration due to drifts in magnetized, cylindrically collimated, sheared jets of powerful active galaxies (with jet luminosity $geq 10^{46}$ erg s$^{-1}$). We point out that a positively charged particle carried by such a plasma is in an unstable equilibrium if ${bf B} cdot abla times {bf v}< 0$, so that kinetic drift along the velocity shear would lead to fast, {it regular} energy gain. We show that if a seed of pre-accelerated particles with energy below the ankle $leq 10^{18}$ eV is present, these particles can be boosted to energies above $ 10^{19}$ eV. A key feature of the mechanism is that the highest rigidity particles are accelerated most efficiently implying the dominance of light nuclei for energies above the ankle in our model: from a mixed population of pre-accelerated particle the drift mechanism picks up and boosts protons preferably. In addition, after a particle traversed large fraction of the available potential, its Larmor radius becomes of the order of the jet thickness. In this case, {it the maximum possible acceleration rate of inverse relativistic gyro-frequency is achieved} and a particle finally become unconfined and leave the jet.

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