When two objects at different temperatures are separated by a vacuum gap they can exchange heat by radiation only. At large separation distances (far-field regime) the amount of transferred heat flux is limited by Stefan-Boltzmanns law (blackbody limit). In contrast, at subwavelength distances (near-field regime) this limit can be exceeded by orders of magnitude thanks to the contributions of evanescent waves. This article reviews the recent progress on the passive and active control of near-field radiative heat exchange in two- and many-body systems.
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