We develop an approach to choice principles and their contrapositive bar-induction principles as extensionality schemes connecting an intensional or effective view of respectively ill-and well-foundedness properties to an extensional or ideal view of these properties. After classifying and analysing the relations between different intensional definitions of ill-foundedness and well-foundedness, we introduce, for a domain $A$, a codomain $B$ and a filter $T$ on finite approximations of functions from $A$ to $B$, a generalised form GDC$_{A,B,T}$ of the axiom of dependent choice and dually a generalised bar induction principle GBI$_{A,B,T}$ such that: GDC$_{A,B,T}$ intuitionistically captures the strength of $bullet$ the general axiom of choice expressed as $forall aexists b R(a, b) Rightarrowexistsalphaforall alpha R(alpha,alpha(a))$ when $T$ is a filter that derives point-wise from a relation $R$ on $A times B$ without introducing further constraints, $bullet$ the Boolean Prime Filter Theorem / Ultrafilter Theorem if $B$ is the two-element set $mathbb{B}$ (for a constructive definition of prime filter), $bullet$ the axiom of dependent choice if $A = mathbb{N}$, $bullet$ Weak K{o}nigs Lemma if $A = mathbb{N}$ and $B = mathbb{B}$ (up to weak classical reasoning) GBI$_{A,B,T}$ intuitionistically captures the strength of $bullet$ G{o}dels completeness theorem in the form validity implies provability for entailment relations if $B = mathbb{B}$, $bullet$ bar induction when $A = mathbb{N}$, $bullet$ the Weak Fan Theorem when $A = mathbb{N}$ and $B = mathbb{B}$. Contrastingly, even though GDC$_{A,B,T}$ and GBI$_{A,B,T}$ smoothly capture several variants of choice and bar induction, some instances are inconsistent, e.g. when $A$ is $mathbb{B}^mathbb{N}$ and $B$ is $mathbb{N}$.
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