AstroSat view of IGR J17091-3624 and GRS 1915+105: decoding the pulse in the Heartbeat State


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IGR J17091--3624 is a transient galactic black hole which has a distinct quasi-periodic variability known as `heartbeat, similar to the one observed in GRS 1915+105. In this paper, we report the results of $sim 125$ ks textit{AstroSat} observations of this source during the 2016 outburst. For the first time a double peaked QPO (DPQ) is detected in a few time segments of this source with a difference of $delta f ~sim12$ mHz between the two peaks. The nature of the DPQ was studied based on hardness ratios and using the static as well as the dynamic power spectrum. Additionally, a low frequency (25--48 mHz) `heartbeat single peak QPO (SPQ) was observed at different intervals of time along with harmonics ($50-95$ mHz). Broadband spectra in the range $0.7-23$ keV, obtained with textit{SXT} and textit{LAXPC}, could be fitted well with combination of a thermal Comptonisation and a multicolour disc component model. During textit{AstroSat} observation, the source was in the Soft-Intermediate State (SIMS) as observed with textit{Swift/XRT}. We present a comparative study of the `heartbeat state variability in IGR J17091--3624 with GRS 1915+105. Significant difference in the timing properties is observed although spectral parameters ($Gammasim2.1-2.4$ and $T_mathrm{max}sim0.6-0.8$ keV) in the broad energy band remain similar. Spectral properties of segments exhibiting SPQ and DPQ are further studied using simple phase resolved spectroscopy which does not show a significant difference. Based on the model parameters, we obtain the maximum ratio of mass accretion rate in GRS 1915+105 to that in IGR J17091--3624 as $sim25:1$. We discuss the implications of our findings and comment on the physical origin of these exotic variabilities.

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