In this paper, we formulate a cycling cost aware economic dispatch problem that co-optimizes generation and storage dispatch while taking into account cycle based storage degradation cost. Our approach exploits the Rainflow cycle counting algorithm to quantify storage degradation for each charging and discharging half-cycle based on its depth. We show that the dispatch is optimal for individual participants in the sense that it maximizes the profit of generators and storage units, under price taking assumptions. We further provide a condition under which the optimal storage response is unique for given market clearing prices. Simulations using data from the New York Independent System Operator (NYISO) illustrate the optimization framework. In particular, they show that the generation-centric dispatch that does not account for storage degradation is insufficient to guarantee storage profitability.
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