Bounded and compact differences of two composition operators acting from the weighted Bergman space $A^p_omega$ to the Lebesgue space $L^q_ u$, where $0<q<p<infty$ and $omega$ belongs to the class $mathcal{D}$ of radial weights satisfying a two-sided doubling condition, are characterized. On the way to the proofs a new description of $q$-Carleson measures for $A^p_omega$, with $p>q$ and $omegainmathcal{D}$, involving pseudohyperbolic discs is established. This last-mentioned result generalizes the well-known characterization of $q$-Carleson measures for the classical weighted Bergman space $A^p_alpha$ with $-1<alpha<infty$ to the setting of doubling weights. The case $omegainwidehat{mathcal{D}}$ is also briefly discussed and an open problem concerning this case is posed.