In this paper we study the Hessian map $h_{d,r}$ which associates to any hypersurface of degree $d$ in ${mathbb P}^r$ its Hessian hypersurface. We study general properties of this map and we prove that: $h_{d,1}$ is birational onto its image if $dgeq 5$; we study in detail the maps $h_{3,1}$, $h_{4,1}$ and $h_{3,2}$; we study the restriction of the Hessian map to the locus of hypersurfaces of degree $d$ with Waring rank $r+2$ in ${mathbb P}^r$, proving that this restriction is injective as soon as $rgeq 2$ and $dgeq 3$, which implies that $h_{3,3}$ is birational onto its image; we prove that the differential of the Hessian map is of maximal rank on the generic hypersurfaces of degree $d$ with Waring rank $r+2$ in ${mathbb P}^r$, as soon as $rgeq 2$ and $dgeq 3$.
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