The $DeltaDelta$ dibaryon resonance $d^ast (2380)$ with $(J^P, I)=(3^+, 0)$ is studied theoretically on the basis of the 3-flavor lattice QCD simulation with heavy pion masses ($m_pi =679, 841$ and $1018$ MeV). By using the HAL QCD method, the central $Delta$-$Delta$ potential in the ${}^7S_3$ channel is obtained from the lattice data with the lattice spacing $asimeq 0.121$ fm and the lattice size $Lsimeq 3.87$ fm. The resultant potential shows a strong short-range attraction, so that a quasi-bound state corresponding to $d^ast (2380)$ is formed with the binding energy $25$-$40$ MeV below the $DeltaDelta$ threshold for the heavy pion masses. The tensor part of the transition potential from $DeltaDelta$ to $NN$ is also extracted to investigate the coupling strength between the $S$-wave $DeltaDelta$ system with $J^P=3^+$ and the $D$-wave $NN$ system. Although the transition potential is strong at short distances, the decay width of $d^ast (2380)$ to $NN$ in the $D$-wave is kinematically suppressed, which justifies our single-channel analysis at the range of the pion mass explored in this study.
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