The description of the collective magnetorheological effect induced by magnetic field in magnetoactive elastomers is proposed. The condition of consistency is used between magnetic and mechanic momenta of forces exerted on magnetically uniaxial ferromagnetic particles in elastomer at their magnetization. The study shows that even in the case of small concentration of particles, the value of magnetically-induced shear can be anomalously large, reaching up to tens of percent. The deformation of magnetoactive elastomer can evolve critically, as a second-order phase transition, if magnetic field is aligned along the easy axis of particles.
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