We consider the deformations of a supersymmetric quantum field theory by adding spacetime-dependent terms to the action. We propose to describe the renormalization of such deformations in terms of some cohomological invariants, a class of solutions of a Maurer-Cartan equation. We consider the strongly coupled limit of $N=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. In the context of AdS/CFT correspondence, we explain what corresponds to our invariants in classical supergravity. There is a leg amputation procedure, which constructs a solution of the Maurer-Cartan equation from tree diagramms of SUGRA. We consider a particular example of the beta-deformation. It is known that the leading term of the beta-function is cubic in the parameter of the beta-deformation. We give a cohomological interpretation of this leading term. We conjecture that it is actually encoded in some simpler cohomology class, which is quadratic in the parameter of the beta-deformation.
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