Let $mathcal{M}$ be a von Neumann algebra with a normal semifinite faithful trace $tau$. We prove that every continuous $m$-homogeneous polynomial $P$ from $L^p(mathcal{M},tau)$, with $0<p<infty$, into each topological linear space $X$ with the property that $P(x+y)=P(x)+P(y)$ whenever $x$ and $y$ are mutually orthogonal positive elements of $L^p(mathcal{M},tau)$ can be represented in the form $P(x)=Phi(x^m)$ $(xin L^p(mathcal{M},tau))$ for some continuous linear map $Phicolon L^{p/m}(mathcal{M},tau)to X$.