We prove a general result about the behaviour of minimizing sequences for nonlocal shape functionals satisfying suitable structural assumptions. Typical examples include functions of the eigenvalues of the fractional Laplacian under homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. Exploiting a nonlocal version of Lions concentration-compactness principle, we prove that either an optimal shape exists, or there exists a minimizing sequence consisting of two pieces whose mutual distance tends to infinity. Our work is inspired by similar results obtained by Bucur in the local case.
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