Self-dual Grassmannian, Wronski map, and representations of $mathfrak{gl}_N$, ${mathfrak{sp}}_{2r}$, ${mathfrak{so}}_{2r+1}$

We define a $mathfrak{gl}_N$-stratification of the Grassmannian of $N$ planes $mathrm{Gr}(N,d)$. The $mathfrak{gl}_N$-stratification consists of strata $Omega_{mathbf{Lambda}}$ labeled by unordered sets $mathbf{Lambda}=(lambda^{(1)},dots,lambda^{(n)})$ of nonzero partitions with at most $N$ parts, satisfying a condition depending on $d$, and such that $(otimes_{i=1}^n V_{lambda^{(i)}})^{mathfrak{sl}_N} e 0$. Here $V_{lambda^{(i)}}$ is the irreducible $mathfrak{gl}_N$-module with highest weight $lambda^{(i)}$. We show that the closure of a stratum $Omega_{mathbf{Lambda}}$ is the union of the strata $Omega_{mathbfXi}$, $mathbf{Xi}=(xi^{(1)},dots,xi^{(m)})$, such that there is a partition ${I_1,dots,I_m}$ of ${1,2,dots,n}$ with $ {rm {Hom}}_{mathfrak{gl}_N} (V_{xi^{(i)}}, otimes_{jin I_i}V_{lambda^{(j)}}big) eq 0$ for $i=1,dots,m$. The $mathfrak{gl}_N$-stratification of the Grassmannian agrees with the Wronski map. We introduce and study the new object: the self-dual Grassmannian $mathrm{sGr}(N,d)subset mathrm{Gr}(N,d)$. Our main result is a similar $mathfrak{g}_N$-stratification of the self-dual Grassmannian governed by representation theory of the Lie algebra $mathfrak {g}_{2r+1}:=mathfrak{sp}_{2r}$ if $N=2r+1$ and of the Lie algebra $mathfrak g_{2r}:=mathfrak{so}_{2r+1}$ if $N=2r$.