A low temperature hydrothermal route has been developed, and pure phase Ba$_2$Ni$_3$F$_{10}$ nanowires have been successfully prepared under the optimized conditions. Under the 325 nm excitation, the Ba$_2$Ni$_3$F$_{10}$ nanowires exhibit three emission bands with peak positions locating at 360 nm, 530 nm, and 700 nm, respectively. Combined with the first-principles calculations, the photoluminescence property can be explained by the electron transitions between the t2g and eg orbitals. Clear hysteresis loops observed below the temperature of 60 K demonstrates the weak ferromagnetism in Ba$_2$Ni$_3$F$_{10}$ nanowires, which has been attributed to the surface strain of nanowires. Exchange bias with blocking temperature of 55 K has been observed, which originates from the magnetization pinning under the cooling field due to antiferromagnetic core/weak ferromagnetic shell structure of Ba2Ni3F10 nanowires.
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