Ordering of the $0d_{5/2}$ and $1s_{1/2}$ proton levels in light nuclei

A survey of the available single-proton data in $Aleq17$ nuclei, along with calculations using a Woods-Saxon potential, show that the ordering of the $0d_{5/2}$ and $1s_{1/2}$ proton orbitals are determined primarily by the proximity of the $s$-state proton energy to the Coulomb barrier. This is analogous to the dependence of the corresponding neutron orbitals in proximity to the neutron threshold, that was previously discussed.